2021-03-04
Resumen
Hydrogen es un sintetizador de software que puede usarse solo, emulando una caja de ritmos basado en patrones, o a través de un teclado MIDI/secuenciador de software. Hydrogen compila en Linux/x86 y Mac OS X, aunque este último aún es experimental, así que pregunta en la lista de correo de desarrolladores para más detalles.
Tabla de contenidos
- I. Introducción
- II. Utilizar Hydrogen
- III. Examples
- IV. Appendix
Lista de figuras
- 4.1. The Main UI in Single Pane mode
- 4.2. The Main UI in Tabbed mode
- 5.1. La pestaña de Apariencia
- 5.2. La pestaña de Sistema de Audio
- 5.3. La pestaña de Sistema Midi
- 5.4. La pestaña de Sistema Midi
- 5.5. La pestaña de Apariencia
- 6.1. Menú principal
- 6.2. Import Drumkit
- 6.3. The Audio Engine View
- 7.1. Barra de Herramientas Principal
- 8.1. El Editor de Canciones
- 8.2. El Editor de Patrones
- 8.3. The Dialog to Change the Pattern Properties
- 8.4. Dialog Window for Adding Tags
- 8.5. The Automation Path Widget
- 9.1. Editor de Patrones
- 9.2. Editor de Patrones
- 9.3. El Editor de Patrones
- 9.4. Editor de Patrones
- 9.5. The Note Properties Ruler set to Velocity
- 9.6. The Note Properties Ruler showing the NoteKey Property
- 9.7. Editor de Patrones
- 10.1. Canciones en la Biblioteca de Sonidos
- 11.1. The Instrument editor General view
- 11.2. Crear un Instrumento y Capas
- 11.3. The Layer Section of the Instrument Editor
- 12.1. El Editor de Canciones
- 12.2. The Wave Display Section of the Sample Editor
- 12.3. The Pitch Shifting Section of the Playlist Editor
- 12.4. The Envelope Section of the Sample Editor
- 13.1. El Mezclador
- 13.2. Parámetros de Instrumentos
- 13.3. The Component Channel Strip in the Mixer
- 13.4. The FX Rack in the Mixer
- 13.5. Select an Effect
- 13.6. The Master Fader Strip in the Mixer
- 14.1. El Mezclador
- 15.1. The Playlist Editor with Demo Songs loaded
- 16.1. MIDI Actions are set in MIDI System tab of the Preferences Dialog
- 18.1. El Editor de Patrones
- 18.2. Inserting Patterns in the Song Sequence
- 18.3. El Mezclador
- 44. Visualization of the Interaction of the Different Pan Parameters
Lista de tablas
- 4.1. MIDI Mapping
- 17.1. All OSC Messages
- 21.1. Shortcut Table
Tabla de contenidos
You can download Hydrogen from http://www.hydrogen-music.org. On the Downloads page you can find several binaries (installers) for MacOS and Windows.
Due to the variety of distributions we do not provide packages for Linux. If you do not find Hydrogen in the repository of your distribution, please ask the people behind it to include Hydrogen.
If you want to compile Hydrogen yourself, you can download the latest source files directly from our git repository with
$ git clone git://github.com/hydrogen-music/hydrogen.git
A certain release can be fetched with
$ git checkout tags/1.0.0
La compilación de Hydrogen depende de las siguientes librerías:
CMT disponible en http://www.ladspa.org.
libsndfile en http://www.mega-nerd.com/libsndfile/
ALSA (>= 1.x) en http://www.alsa-project.com (sólo si quieres usar ALSA como driver de audio)
Jack Audio Connection Kit (>= 0.80) en http://jackaudio.org/ (sólo si quieres usar JACK como driver de audio)
PortAudio en http://www.portaudio.com (sólo si quieres usar PortAudio como driver de audio)
PortAudio en http://www.portaudio.com (sólo si quieres usar PortAudio como driver de audio)
Flac en http://flac.sf.net (sólo si quieres usar samples en flac)
ladspa en http://ladspa.org (sólo si quieres usar efectos ladspa)
liblrdf en http://liblrdf.sf.net (sólo si quieres usar lrdf para categorizar efectos)
lash en http://lash.nongnu.org (sólo si quieres usar lash)
liblo: at http://liblo.sourceforge.net/ for OSC and NSM support
Por favor instálalos con el gestor de paquetes de tu distribución. Si utilizas un sistema basado en debian, puedes instalar las librerías con:
$ apt-get install qtbase5-dev qtbase5-dev-tools \
qttools5-dev qttools5-dev-tools libqt5xmlpatterns5-dev \
libarchive-dev libsndfile1-dev libasound2-dev liblo-dev \
libpulse-dev libcppunit-dev liblrdf-dev \
liblash-compat-dev librubberband-dev libjack-jackd2-dev
Compiling with cmake can be done easily by using the build.sh script. Go to the directory where the git repository
was cloned and run the build.sh script without any arguments to display the help :
$ ./build.sh
The help is now displayed (and is self-explanatory) :
r[m] => all built, temp and cache files
c[lean] => remove cache files
m[ake] => launch the build process
mm => launch the build process using ccache
mt => launch the build process with clang tidy checks enabled
d[oc] => build html documentation
g[raph] => draw a dependencies graph
h[elp] => show the build options
x|exec => execute hydrogen
t[ests] => execute tests
p[kg] => build source package
z => build using ccache and run from tree
To build Hydrogen and execute the result, run the build script with the m option
$ ./build.sh m x
and to install it permanently on your computer, change into the build folder and use the make command.
$ cd build
$ sudo make install
![[Nota]](img/admonitions/note.svg) | Nota |
|---|---|
For further details about the installation process please have a look the |
The Hydrogen user interface is designed so that it can be used entirely with the mouse, with the exception of text entry.
Most actions are performed with the left mouse button, and implement what should be the most obvious behaviour for any control. The right mouse button may sometimes perform an alternate action, or bring up a context menu. Some common controls also have alternate actions accessed by clicking while holding a modifier key:
Ctrl + left click : restore default value of knob or fader
Shift + left click : bind MIDI event to MIDI-learnable widget (see Sección 16.2)
Some controls will also respond to scroll wheel events for convenience.
The keyboard can also be used for navigating and editing in the Pattern and Song Editors, using a combination of
↑|↓|←|→ : move the keyboard input cursor's position, or adjust values under the cursor.
Shift + ↑|↓|←|→ : can be used to make selections of notes or pattern groups as if the mouse had been dragged over them.
Enter and Return : generally performs the same action as a mouse click, but can also start or end a move (or copy) of items in the same way a mouse drag would.
Tab and Shift + Tab : move between the Pattern, Song and Note Property Editor.
Delete : delete notes or patterns.
Esc : cancels an ongoing selection, move or copy.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The keyboard input cursor is hidden from view until one of the above keys is pressed. This keeps the display clear and uncluttered when using the mouse. You can alter this default behavior in the General tab of the Preferences. |
Most other keys on the keyboard can be used to play samples and enter notes in the same way a MIDI keyboard can be.
Tabla de contenidos
- 4. Overview
- 5. Preferencias de audio
- 6. Menú principal
- 7. Barra de Herramientas Principal
- 8. Editor de Canciones
- 9. Editor de Patrones
- 10. Biblioteca de Sonidos (Gestor de Drumkits)
- 11. Instrumento
- 12. Editor de Canciones
- 13. Mezclador
- 14. Director
- 15. Editor de Patrones
- 16. MIDI API
- 17. OSC API
Tabla de contenidos
The Main UI comes in 2 flavors : the (classic) Single Pane mode (ideal for large- and medium size screens), and the Tabbed mode (optimized for netbook screen sizes).
![[Sugerencia]](img/admonitions/tip.svg) | Sugerencia |
|---|---|
You can switch between these two modes in the Appearance tab of the Preferences. |
Below you can see the main UI split up in 5 parts: the Main Menu, Main Toolbar, Song Editor, Pattern Editor and the Instrument and Sound Library Editor. These sections will be explained in detail further down in this manual.
Let's start with a little history on the concept of Drumkits within in Hydrogen. It began as a dedicated drum machine but has evolved into a versatile sample-based sound synthesizer/sequencer that is capable of generating and manipulating all sorts of sounds. Hence the original "Drumkit" terminology is slightly misleading. You can load any kind of sound into a "Drumkit" and manipulate that sound just like playing a regular synthesizer. This is also the main reason why the Piano Roll Editor was introduced.
To sum it up, nowadays a Drumkit is a collection of a number of instruments (snare, kick, sampled voice, bass sound ...), using one or more components which each can consist of multiple layered samples.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
In case you are not familiar with the world of sound synthesis, you can check out the Glossary for a number of useful definitions. |
Instead of playing back programmed patterns Hydrogen can also be used synthesize drum sounds for incoming MIDI or keyboard events.
Using the Input mode in the Options tab of the Main Menu you can choose between two different ways to emulate sound. Drumkit maps different MIDI events and keyboard inputs to different instruments of the current drumkit while Instrument maps them to pitch-shifted samples of the instrument currently selected in the Song Editor. You can think of these modes as input versions of both the Drumkit Editor and the Piano Roll Editor.
Which MIDI input maps to which instrument is depending of the Note parameter in the Instrument Editor set for in each particular drumkit. An example for the GMRockKit is shown in the table below.
| Nota |
|---|---|
In order to process incoming MIDI messages, you have to enable the Use output note as input option and set up the overall MIDI support in the MIDI system tab of the Preferences dialog first. |
Alternatively you can use the Virtual keyboard provided in Hydrogen. It maps a number of keys of your computer keyboard to incoming note and allows you to use it as a traditional MIDI keyboard. The mapping is shown in the table as well as in figure below.
Tabla 4.1. MIDI Mapping
| Instr. Pos. | MIDI Note | PC Keyboard Key | Manual de Hydrogen | GM Standard |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 35 | Bass Drum 2 | |||
| 1 | 36 | Z | Z = Kick (bombo) | Bass Drum 1 |
| 2 | 37 | S | S = Stick (baqueta) | Side Stick/Rimshot |
| 3 | 38 | X | Snare | Snare Drum 1 |
| 4 | 39 | D | D = Hand Clap (palmada de manos) | D = Hand Clap (palmada de manos) |
| 5 | 40 | C | Snare Rimshot | Snare Drum 2 |
| 6 | 41 | V | Floor Tom | Low Tom 2 |
| 7 | 42 | G | G = Closed HH (HH cerrado) | G = Closed HH (HH cerrado) |
| 8 | 43 | B | Tom 2 | Low Tom 1 |
| 9 | 44 | H | H = Pedal HH | Pedal Hi-hat |
| 10 | 45 | N | Tom 1 | Mid Tom 2 |
| 11 | 46 | J | Hat Open | Open Hi-hat |
| 12 | 47 | M | M = Cowbell (cencerro) | Mid Tom 1 |
| 13 | 48 | Q | Ride | High Tom 2 |
| 14 | 49 | 2 | 2 = Crash | Crash Cymbal 1 |
| 15 | 50 | W | Ride 2 | High Tom 1 |
| 16 | 51 | 3 | Splash | Ride Cymbal 1 |
| 17 | 52 | E | Hat Semi-Open | Chinese Cymbal |
| 18 | 53 | R | Bell | Ride Bell |
| 19 | 54 | 5 | Tambourine | |
| 20 | 55 | T | Splash Cymbal | |
| 21 | 56 | 6 | M = Cowbell (cencerro) | |
| 22 | 57 | Y | Crash Cymbal 2 | |
| 23 | 58 | 7 | Vibra Slap | |
| 24 | 59 | U | Ride Cymbal 2 | |
| 25 | 60 | High Bongo | ||
| 26 | 61 | Low Bongo | ||
| 27 | 62 | Mute High Conga | ||
| 28 | 63 | Open High Conga | ||
| 29 | 64 | Low Conga | ||
| 30 | 65 | High Timbale | ||
| 31 | 66 | Low Timbale | ||
| 32 | 67 | High Agogô | ||
| 33 | 68 | Low Agogô | ||
| 34 | 69 | Cabasa | ||
| 35 | 70 | Maracas | ||
| 36 | 71 | Short Whistle | ||
| 37 | 72 | Long Whistle | ||
| 38 | 73 | Short Güiro | ||
| 39 | 74 | Long Güiro | ||
| 40 | 75 | Claves | ||
| 41 | 76 | High Wood Block | ||
| 42 | 77 | Low Wood Block | ||
| 43 | 78 | Mute Cuíca | ||
| 44 | 79 | Open Cuíca | ||
| 45 | 80 | Mute Triangle | ||
| 46 | 81 | Open Triangle |
| Nota |
|---|---|
Nótese que el nombre del instrumento depende del drumkit cargado. Esta lista se refiere al GMKit cargado por defecto. La posición del instrumento, sin embargo, es la misma. |
When adjusting the mapping or creating your own custom drumkit try to follow the General MIDI (GM) standard as accurately as possible. This will ensure that switching between drumkits goes smoothly. You are of course free to place your instruments anywhere in your drumkit, and sometimes it isn't even possible to follow the GM standard, but it makes life a lot easier if you do.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Keep in mind that it is the position of the instrument (within the loaded drumkit) that is linked to a MIDI-note/keyboard-key and not the name of the instrument. |
For a better visualization you can also find the mapping notes to your PC's keyboard key in the figure below.
In addition to manually program pattern using mouse and keyboard you can also record one or multiple pattern. You can do so using an external MIDI device, like an e-drum, or use the virtual keyboard provided by Hydrogen.
In order to start recording, first activate the record button
in the Main Toolbar and afterwards press the
button located right next to it (like in a classical tape recorder).
Using the playback mode of the Song Editor you can choose between the following two scenarios. When in Pattern mode all inserted notes will be added to pattern currently selected in the Sidebar of the Song Editor. When, on the other hand, in Song mode the input notes will be added to the active pattern (the one the playhead is located in and is currently used for playback). If several patterns are selected in a single row, the input notes will only be added to the pattern at the bottom.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The incoming notes will be added in a non-destructive way. This means when adding two notes at the same position, you will have two notes being played back at once (with double the volume of a single one). |
With Session Management you can easily restore complex sessions involving numerous applications including their particular state. Hydrogen does support some Session Management systems too.
![[Aviso]](img/admonitions/warning.svg) | Aviso |
|---|---|
All the supported Session Management protocols are Linux only. There is no (tested) support for MacOS and Windows yet. |
NSM: Non Session Manager (NSM) is of 2021 the de facto standard in Session Management tools within the Linux audio community and Hydrogen does over full support and compliance to its API.
Sugerencia We highly recommend using this protocol for Session Management.
LASH: Hydrogen provides a basic support for LASH Audio Session Handler (LASH). This covers recalling the song used within the session but, unlike the NSM support, no recalling of the JACK connections and no per-session preferences.
Nota You have to activate LASH support in the General tab of the Preference dialog in order to use it.
JACK Session: JACK Session has been marked deprecated by the JACK project.
Aviso Hydrogen versions <= 1.1 still feature this Session Management protocol. But it will be removed in future releases.
Hydrogen will be under session management if you start it via a NSM server application, like Non Session Manager or RaySession. You can easily check whether Hydrogen is aware of the session by checking out the Project option of the Main Menu as some action will have changed in order to comply to the NSM API.
Replace With New Song: instead of New. Replaces the song associated with the session by an empty one.
Import Into Session: instead of Open. Replaces the song associated with the session by a song of your choice.
Aviso In Hydrogen version 1.1 the import into a session is not yet fully supported. While the selected file will be loaded and you can work with it, Hydrogen won't recall it after closing and opening the session. You need to copy the corresponding .h2song file manually into the session folder to make your choice permanent.
Import Recent Info Session: instead of Open Recent. Replaces the song associated with the session by one of the recently used songs.
Aviso In Hydrogen version 1.1 the import into a session is not yet fully supported. While the selected file will be loaded and you can work with it, Hydrogen won't recall it after closing and opening the session. You need to copy the corresponding .h2song file manually into the session folder to make your choice permanent.
Export From Session As: instead of Save As. Stores the song associated with the session at a location of your choice as .h2song file.
Nota In contrast to the Save As command the underlying path of the current song will not be changed. All subsequent Save actions will store the current state of the song to the file in the session folder and not to the path of the exported file.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The Open Demo option will be missing. |
Both the song and the preferences associated with the session will be stored in a session folder called Hydrogen.*. In addition, the drumkit (and its samples) used with the song will linked into the session folder as well. If the link is replaced by a folder containing a valid drumkit, this one will be used over the system and user drumkits.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
This allows you to create fully self sufficient backup of your Hydrogen session using tar -chf. These can be even ported and used to systems which do not have the required drumkits installed. |
After installing Hydrogen on your system you can invoke it from the command-line with a number of different options.
-h, --help Displays this help.
-v, --version Displays version information.
-d, --driver <Audiodriver> Use the selected audio driver (jack, alsa, oss)
-i, --install <File> Install a drumkit (*.h2drumkit)
-n, --nosplash Hide splash screen
-p, --playlist <File> Load a playlist (*.h2playlist) at startup
-P, --data <Path> Use an alternate system data path
-s, --song <File> Load a song (*.h2song) at startup
-k, --kit <DrumkitName> Load a drumkit at startup
-V, --verbose <Level> Level, if present, may be None, Error, Warning, Info, Debug or 0xHHHH
Tabla de contenidos
Via this window most of the configurations and customization can be altered. The Preferences Dialog can be accessed via the Options element in the Main Menu.
| Nota |
|---|---|
All changes done in the Preferences Dialog - if not noted otherwise via a popup - will take effect when clicking the Ok button at the bottom of the window. |
Depurar: herramientas principalmente para depurar y monitorizar Hydrogen (sólo disponible si se compila con soporte de depuración).
Reopen last used song: determines whether Hydrogen will open the last used song during startup or an empty song instead.
Reopen last used playlist: determines whether the last used Playlist will be loaded during startup or none at all.
Sugerencia This can come in handy when you are using Hydrogen live.
Use relative paths for playlist: specifies whether the path names in the stored .h2playlist file will contain absolute paths or a path relative to the
playlistfolder in the Hydrogen data directory (usually$HOME/.hydrogen/data/).Sugerencia Using relative paths might be handy when using your playlist on different computers or user profiles.
Hide keyboard input cursor: hides the keyboard cursor until you press a key on you keyboard (see Capítulo 3). By enabling this feature you can switch to the look and feel of the interaction with the Pattern Editor and Song Editor prior to Hydrogen v1.1.
Use LASH: enables LASH (LASH Audio Session Handler) support within Hydrogen. This allows you to recover a particular song associated with a session.
Sugerencia You may consider using the more advanced NSM support of Hydrogen which gives you many additional features, like restoring all JACK connections or creating a per-session configuration.
Beat counter drift compensation in 1/10 ms: allows you to compensate for system latency. The provided number will be added to each consecutive triggering of the Beat Counter. The allowed range is from
-200to200.Sugerencia This is quite handy if you are using different sound cards or external MIDI devices, like a keyboard or an e-drum, with mismatching clocks.
In order to find useful values for these, you will need to take some time to play with it. Also, you may want different values depending on the speed of your hardware, audio devices, drivers, etc. Using the Beat Counter effectively requires practice.
Beat counter start offset in ms: sets the time between the Beat Counter's last input stroke and when the song starts playing. Its allowed range is from
-500to500.Nota The Beat Counter has to be set to Set BPM and play -
should be displayed in the bottom right corner - for this setting to take effect.
Maximum number of bars: sets the maximum number of supported bars/patterns for a single song. Its allowed range is from
1to800.Maximum number of layers: sets the maximum number of layers for a single instrument. Its allowed range is from
16to8192.Nota For this setting to take effect you have to restart Hydrogen.
Path to the Rubberband command-line utility: sets the absolute path to the rubberband command line interface (CLI) Hydrogen will use for stretching samples in the Sample Editor.
Nota This option is only available if your version of Hydrogen does not already has Rubber Band support compiled into it. If it does and the option is hot shown, everything is already configured and you don't have to worry about Rubber Band at all.
Sugerencia If you are using Ubuntu, you can install Rubber Band from the Software Center via the package
rubberband-cli. For other Linux distros please check your package manager and for other platforms please check the Rubber Band site .Sugerencia If Rubber Band is installed and configured correctly, you will see an extra button
button in the Main Toolbar. You can use this behavior to verify your configuration.
Audio System: let's you choose the audio driver used by Hydrogen to connect to your computer's sound card.
Available options:
Auto: Hydrogen will try a number of different drivers in a predetermined order, choose the first working one, and display the result.Sugerencia This option is recommended for beginners.
jackd: El driver Jack es un servidor de audio profesional que permite una latencia muy baja e intercambios con otros software de audio. Recomendamos encarecidamente el uso de este driver para sacar lo mejor de Hydrogen. El servidor JACK arrancará automáticamente si no lo estaba ya.
Sugerencia We strongly recommend using this driver to have the best out of Hydrogen.
ALSA: los drivers estándares de Linux ampliamente adoptados
OSS: El driver de audio Oss utiliza /dev/dsp y está basado en la interfaz OSS que es soportado por la gran mayoría de tarjetas de sonido disponible para linux; dicho esto, el uso de este driver bloquea /dev/dsp hasta que Hydrogen se cierra; esto es, otro software no puede acceder a él. Úsalo como un último recurso.
PortAudio: un driver de audio de código abierto y multiplataforma
CoreAudio: A driver for MacOS.PulseAudio: A driver for the cross platform PulseAudio sound server.
ALSA: los drivers estándares de Linux ampliamente adoptados
Buffer size: specifies the size of the batch of time Hydrogen will process in one run. Supported values are from
100to5000.Sample rate: specifies the number of data points the audio signal will contain within one second.
Nota If you are using the JACK audio driver, the sample rate can not be altered from within Hydrogen and the audio driver configuration should happen before starting the JACK server.
Track output: determines which audio settings will be applied to the outgoing audio of the per-instrument JACK output ports.
Post-Fader:Pre-Fader:note velocity
Nota This option is only available if the JACK audio driver was selected and it will only take effect if the Connect to default JACK output ports option is checked.
BBT sync method: if Hydrogen uses JACK transport in the presence of an external JACK Timebase master (TBM), it will use the provided measure and tempo information instead of the local one of either the song's tempo or the Tempo Markers added to the Timeline. But due to limitations in the current implementation, Hydrogen can not set both measure and speed provided by JACK for arbitrary pattern combinations. You have two options here. Either drop all measure changes in the TBM and work with tempo changes only to support arbitrary patterns (using option
constant measure) or to keep the length of each pattern consistent with the corresponding measure in the TBM and to use both tempo and measure provided by JACK (optionmatching bars).Nota This option is only available if the JACK audio driver was selected.
For this option to take effect the
button has to be activated and the
button deactivated in the Main Toolbar (next to
having a JACK TBM application).Sugerencia Hydrogen can be registered as JACK Timebase Master via the Main Toolbar.
Connect to default JACK output ports: connects the main stereo JACK output ports of the Master Fader Strip to the default JACK input ports of your system (system:playback_1 and system:playback_2). This will be done every time Hydrogen starts up or the JACK audio driver is restarted.
Nota This option is only available if the JACK audio driver was selected.
Create per-instrument JACK output ports: in addition to the main stereo output Hydrogen will register JACK output ports for every single instrument.
Sugerencia This can be useful if you want to add effects to a single instrument with jack-rack for example.
Nota This option is only available if the JACK audio driver was selected.
Aviso There are no JACK output ports for the Metronome and the Playback Track. Their audio is only available via the main stereo output ports of Hydrogen.
Enable JACK timebase master support: whether Hydrogen will respond to or ignore the incoming BBT (tempo and measure) information sent by the JACK server.
Sugerencia Some JACK clients are not well written or have fallen into despair. As a result Hydrogen could receive nuisance signals messing up its playback. If you encounter weird jumps in the transport position and/or Hydrogen is out of sync after relocating the transport position, you might try to uncheck this option.
Nota This option is only available if the JACK audio driver was selected.
Apply and restart output: restarts the audio driver and makes all settings specified above take effect without closing and reopening the entire Preferences dialog.
Polyphony: specifies the maximum number of notes played simultaneously. Supported values are from
1to512.Sugerencia Depending on your CPU Hydrogen might be overrunning your audio driver due to this parameter.
Metronome volume: sets the volume of the Metronome. Supported values are from
1to100.Interpolate resampling: specifies the type of resampling applied if a sample does not use the same Sample Rate as Hydrogen.
MIDI driver: selects the MIDI driver Hydrogen will use to send MIDI messages.
Input: selects the device Hydrogen will expect MIDI messages to receive from.
Output: selects the device Hydrogen will send MIDI messages to.
Channel: specifies whether Hydrogen should listen to MIDI messages on one particular of the 16 available channels or on all of them.
Ignore note-off: specifies whether Hydrogen will respond to the note-off MIDI message.
Nota This makes better use of the drumkit samples used in Hydrogen when working with certain external MIDI devices. But it may also discard Cymbal choke messages in some e-drums.
Enable MIDI feedback: specifies whether Hydrogen will send a message about updated values every time a certain parameter is changed. These parameters are
Discard MIDI messages after action has been triggered: specifies whether a MIDI note - after performing the MIDI action associated with it - should be played back or be discard.
Use output note as input note: specifies whether the output MIDI note of an instrument specified in the MIDI Out Settings of the Instrument Editor should be used to map the input as well.
Nota If this option is unchecked, only the currently selected instrument will used to play back the received MIDI notes.
Using the table in the lower part of the tab you can associate MIDI actions provided by Hydrogen with incoming MIDI messages. How this is done will be explained in the Sección 16.1.
The OSC tab (Figura 5.4) let's you modify all options associated with OSC (Open Sound Control) (see chapter OSC API for details).
| Nota |
|---|---|
In order to see and access the Enable OSC feedback and Import port option, Enable OSC support has to be checked first. |
Enable OSC support: Allows Hydrogen to receive OSC commands send by external programs.
Enable OSC feedback: Hydrogen will broadcast OSC messages to all registered clients each time does change. A client can register to receive OSC messages by sending a message to Hydrogen previously. The state broadcast as feedback is composed of the following OSC paths:
Incoming port: Specifies the OSC port Hydrogen will be register to. Values up to
20000are supported.
| Nota |
|---|---|
If the chosen OSC port is already occupied, Hydrogen will pick an alternative one on startup and displays it via a popup as well as in the OSC tab of the Preferences. |
The Appearance tab let's you modify Hydrogen's look and feel.
Application font: specifies both the font family and point size of the application font used for the grid in Pattern Editor and Song Editor as well as for the pattern names in the Sidebar of the Song Editor.
Nota In order for this setting to take effect, Hydrogen has to be restarted.
Style: specifies a certain look of GUI elements like menus, scrollbars, and dialog windows.
Sugerencia Using this option you might can make Hydrogen integrate with you operating system better.
Mixer font: specifies both the font family and point size of the mixer font used for the instrument names in the Instrument Channel Strips and the component names in the Component Channel Strips.
Nota In order for this setting to take effect, Hydrogen has to be restarted.
Meters falloff speed: specifies for how fast the update of the maximum value of the audio signal will be shown in the LCD displays of the Instrument Channel Strips, Component Channel Strips, and the Master Fader Strip before its replacement with a more recent value will take place.
Default interface layout: specifies whether the GUI of Hydrogen will be arranged in Single Pane mode or Tabbed mode (see Main User Interface for details).
Nota In order for this setting to take effect, Hydrogen has to be restarted.
High-resolution display scaling: specifies whether the underlying bitmap graphics of the GUI should be scaled to larger sizes by Qt in order for Hydrogen to look nice with your system's resolution settings.
Coloring method for Song Editor elements: determines the coloring of the boxes indicating the presence of a pattern in the Song editor. The available options are:
Automatic: Uses as much colors as there are patterns in the song.Steps: Uses a certain numbernof colors you have to enter via a second input widget. After coloring the firstnpatterns with different colors the same set of colors will be used for the nextnpatterns and so on.Fixed: Colors all patterns using a single color determined via its hue in a separate input widget.
Tabla de contenidos
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
| Nota |
|---|---|
If you are using Hydrogen within a NSM session, some of the options below will be called and behave differently (see Sección 4.5.1 for details). |
Mostrar Info - Configurar propiedades generales de la canción como el nombre, autor, licencia y notas genéricas
Open: opens an existing song (a .h2song file).
Open Demo: opens one of the demo song shipped with Hydrogen.
Nota The demo songs are stored in
$INSTALL_PATH/share/hydrogen/data/demo_songs).Abrir reciente - Abrir un menú mostrando las últimas canciones utilizadas
Guardar - Guardar cambios a la canción actual
Save as: saves current song as .h2song file to a path of your choice.
Sugerencia In order for Hydrogen to automatically list it in the Songs section of the Sound Library, you have to store it in
$HOME/.hydrogen/data/songs/.Abrir patrón - Abrir un patrón guardado perteneciente al drumkit actual
Export Pattern As: saves a pattern as a .h2pattern file.
Sugerencia In order for Hydrogen to automatically list it in the Patterns section of the Sound Library, you have to store it in
$HOME/.hydrogen/data/patterns/drumkit_name/.Exportar archivo MIDI - Exportar canción actual en formato MIDI
Exportar canción - Exportar canción actual en formato WAV
The Export mode option
Export to a single trackwill export one stereo downmix of your song - the master output.Export to separate trackswill create files for each instrument/track.Bothwill create a stereo downmix + audio files for all individual instruments.Exportar archivo MIDI - Exportar canción actual en formato MIDI
Aviso It has the following limitations: Only the GMRockKit and no triplets are supported.
Salir - Salir de Hydrogen
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
New: creates a new and empty drumkit by clearing all the instruments of the current one.
Instrumentos: este menú ofrece funciones de instrumentos y drumkit (librerías de sonidos).
Mostrar Info - Configurar propiedades generales de la canción como el nombre, autor, licencia y notas genéricas
Instrumentos: este menú ofrece funciones de instrumentos y drumkit (librerías de sonidos).
Save As: saves all settings of the current drumkit (including those of their instruments and sound samples) as new drumkit.
Nota The new drumkit will be a physical copy of the old one and is stored into the
$HOME/.hydrogen/data/drumkits/folder.Export: compress and stores all instruments samples and settings of any drumkit (not just the current one) into a folder of your choice as .h2drumkit file.
Nota For compatibility reasons you can also export your drumkit in a format used in older versions ( <= 0.9.6 ) of Hydrogen. By doing so you need to select a single component to export since this functionality was not supported back than.
Import: imports a drumkit (a .h2drumkit file) from the local filesystem.
Importar librería - Importa otro drumkit del sistema local de archivos or descárgalo de una ubicación remota a través de un flujo XML. El archivo XML que debería suministrarse NO es compatible con RSS (ver Hydrogen website para un ejemplo). Para cargar otro drumkit en tu sesión actual de Hydrogen, lee Instrument rack.
The Import window will pop up with the Internet tab selected. By default the link to the drumkit list (on hydrogen-music.org) will be filled in, and after pressing the Update list button you will get a complete list of all drumkits that are available for download. In the status column you can see if a kit is installed or not.If you select one of the drumkits you will see info about this kit in the right pane of the Import window: name, description, author and also the license type.
You can install a drumkit by selecting it and clicking Download and Install.
Once the kit has been downloaded it will be available in the Sound Library under User drumkits.
This menu offers instruments functions.
Añadir instrumento - Añade un nuevo instrumento a tu drumkit actual
Limpiar todo - Borra todos los instrumentos del drumkit actual
Añadir instrumento - Añade un nuevo instrumento a tu drumkit actual
Herramientas: abre el mezclador, el editor de lista de reproducción, el rack de instrumentos y la ventana de preferencias generales.
Herramientas: abre el mezclador, el editor de lista de reproducción, el rack de instrumentos y la ventana de preferencias generales.
Mezclador - Abre la ventana del mezclador.
Instrument Rack: shows or hides the widget of the main window containing both the Instrument Editor and the Sound Library.
Automation Path: shows or hides the Automation Path panel.
Timeline: shows or hides the Timeline panel.
Playback Track: shows or hides the Playback Track panel.
ALSA: los drivers estándares de Linux ampliamente adoptados
Input mode: when set to
Drumkitthe keys on your MIDI keyboard will map to the instruments in your drumkit. If you set it toInstrumentthe keys of your MIDI keyboard will trigger the instrument that is currently selected. The pitch of the instrument will follow the key you press on your keyboard. This feature is mainly used for non-drum instruments (see Sección 4.3 for details). An example: if you use a sample of a piano for one of your instruments, you will be able to 'play' that piano instrument using your keyboard just like you are playing a piano synth.Preferencias - Abre la ventana principal de preferencias. Lee Preferences para ver cómo configurar Hydrogen.
Tools mainly for debugging and monitoring Hydrogen.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The Debug option is only available if Hydrogen was compiled with debug support. |
Show Audio Engine Info: opens a window that shows various stats about Hydrogen and the audio driver.
Nota In case JACK is used, buffer and sampling rate should be set in the configuration of the JACK server before starting Hydrogen (JACK automatically starts when an application tries to connect).
Show Filesystem Info: opens a window that shows you the paths to the user and system data directory as well as to the folder used to create temporary files.
Log Level: specifies which log messages will be written into the log file.
None: No messages will be written at all.Error: Only messages concerning critical errors will be written out.Warning: LikeErrorbut in addition also general warnings about potential bugs or inconsistencies will be written out.Info: LikeWarningbut also all info messages indicating the correct behavior of Hydrogen will be written out.Debug: LikeInfobut also internal help messages used for developing will be written out.
Open Log File: opens Hydrogen's log in either the terminal the application was started in or in a new terminal instance.
Manual del usuario - Abre una ventana con este manual :)
Acerca de - La ventana habitual con información de licencia, créditos, etc.
Report Bug: opens the Hydrogen issue page at github.com in your default Internet browser. You can open a new issue to communicate a bug here (first search if there exists already an issue about it).
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
Tabla de contenidos
Antes de analizar los dos marcos principales de Hydrogen, vamos a echar un rápido vistazo a la barra principal y sus componentes:
Using these buttons you can start (also bound to Space, see Capítulo 21 for further related shortcuts) and stop the playback, record new patterns (see Sección 4.4 for details), fast forward and rewind the transport position, and loop playback.
In addition, you can switch between Song mode and Pattern mode.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
When using the Keyboard to navigate in the Song Editor and Pattern Editor the shortcut Ctrl + Space (or Alt + Space on MacOS) will change the mode to the one corresponding to the editor. In addition, it will move the current transport position to either the note (Pattern Editor) or the pattern (Song Editor) focused by the cursor and starts the playback. |
This section covers how to interactively change tempo using the Beat Counter. Due to conceptional similarities the Tap Tempo will be covered as well which itself is not related to the widget displayed above.
The Tap Tempo allows you to change the tempo at any time - with playback rolling or stopped - within Hydrogen. To change the tempo, hit the \ key in the tempo you want.
After two keystrokes the tempo will be first changed according to the time difference between the two taps. With each addition keystroke the tempo will be changed again to the rolling average value of the last up top eight hits of the \ button. If you tap accidentally, or if you wait too long between taps, the Tap Tempo counter will start over.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The widget shown above is the one of the Beat Counter. The Tap Tempo itself does neither have a dedicated widget nor any option to be set by the user. |
El Tap Tempo es parte del Contador de Pulsaciones, que es esencialmente un Tap Tempo a lo bestia. Por defecto el Contador de Pulsaciones no está visible. Para ver el widget del Contador de Pulsaciones haz clic en el botón vertical (BC) entre el selector de modo Canción/Patrón y el widget de PPM. O se puede mostrar pulsando la tecla de coma (,).
El tempo que teclees se considerará como golpes pares del tipo de compás. El tipo de compás se puede fijar como 1/8 (para compases de ocho negras), 1/4 (para compases de cuatro negras), 1/2 (para compases de dos negras), y 1/1 (para compases de una blanca). Para cambiar el tipo de compás usa la tecla de flecha izquierda. Para contar el número de pulsaciones contadas, usa la tecla de flecha derecha. Puedes fijar de 2 a 16 pulsaciones. (Por ej. si fijas las pulsaciones en 6, tendrás que pulsar la tecla 6 veces antes de que compute y fije el nuevo tempo). Cuando la pantalla muestra una R, significa que el Contador de Pulsaciones está preparado para comenzar de 0. Cada vez que pulsas la tecla de coma, mostrará el número de pulsaciones que has realizado (1, 2, 3...).
El botón de la parte inferior derecha controla la función de auto-arranque, y cambia entre S y P. Cuando muestra la P de (Play), la canción fijará el nuevo tempo y automáticamente empezará a reproducir después de que pulses el número correcto de pulsaciones (si no está reproduciendo ya, claro). De este modo, si tienes el Contador de Pulsaciones fijado para 4/4, puedes pulsar 1-2-3-4, y comenzar a reproducir en el siguiente compás. Cuando muestra la S (de Set BPM), (fijar PPM) el auto-arranque está desactivado.
Por ejemplo: Supón que tienes una banda en directo, Hydrogen, y un sintetizador de software controlado por Seq24... y quieres que todos arranquen a la vez. Fija el tipo de compás en 1/4 y el número de golpes en 4. Activa el auto-arranque (el botón muestra una P). Cuenta 1-2-3-4 para la banda (dando a la tecla de coma) - y todos empiezan a la de 1.
Otro ejemplo: La misma situación, pero la canción no necesita de Hydrogen ni sintetizadores hasta más tarde. Durante ese tiempo, un humano (por ej. el guitarrista) fijará el tempo. En el compás antes de que Hydrogen debe tocar, pulsa la tecla de coma 1-2-3-4 con el ritmo... y entras en el siguiente compás (con el tempo correcto).
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
An temporal offset when starting the playback after setting the tempo and a latency compensation for the Beat Counter can be configured in the General tab of the Preferences Dialog. |
| Nota |
|---|---|
If you are using JACK transport in the presence of an external JACK Timebase Master, Hydrogen is supposed to be a slave and both Tap Tempo and Beat Counter will be disabled. If Hydrogen itself is the JACK Transport Master, tempo changes from Hydrogen will be broadcasted to other JACK clients. |
Set the speed of the song in the range from 10 to 400 bpm (beats per minute).
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
You can use the mouse wheel to decrease and increase the value of this widget. |
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en 
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
The volume of the metronome can be adjusted in the Audio tab of the Preferences. |
If either Rubber Band support is compiled into your current version of Hydrogen or correctly configured in the General tab of the Preferences, you will also find the
button next to the BPM widget. Activating it will enable recalculation of all sample pitches using Rubber Band whenever the tempo of the song will be changed (see Sección 12.2 for details.
The CPU bargraph gives you an indication of the CPU load. The MIDI led lights up every time Hydrogen receives a MIDI message.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
The MIDI settings can be adjusted in the MIDI tab of the Preferences. |
Clicking
will enable JACK transport. If disabled, Hydrogen will still use the JACK driver and registered audio ports. But it decouples its own transport state from the one of the JACK server and will not be in sync with other clients anymore.
Using
Hydrogen can be registered as JACK Timebase Master and will send additional information, like the current speed, to other JACK
clients. Else it will either act as slave in the presence of another
Timebase Master, like Ardour, or as a stand-alone client in the
absence of a Master.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
You can check whether Hydrogen is in slave mode by hovering over the disabled Beat Counter or Timeline. |
| Nota |
|---|---|
The support of JACK Timebase can disabled in the Audio tab of the Preferences. This can be useful in the presence of a fault Master broadcasting nuisance information. |
Toggles the Mixer window and the Instrument Rack (containing both the Instrument Editor and the Sound Library).
The LCD screen below displays what Hydrogen is up to and gives an optical feedback of the parameters set in the Mixer.
Tabla de contenidos
El "Editor de Canciones" (Figura 8.1) ofrece una vista del cronograma completo de la canción (por ej. intro, verso, puente, estribillo, etc.); cada cuadrado azul en este panel es un compás completo tal como se muestra en el panel del "Editor de Patrones" que se encuentra debajo. Aquí tenemos la libertad de añadir, quitar or mover patrones en el orden que queramos. También podemos copiar y pegar patrones: usa el botón izquierdo del ratón para subrayar una zona y arrástralo. Arrastrar con la tecla CTRL pulsada copia los patrones.
Columns represent time periods within the song. While they're shown as the same width in the Song Editor, the length of time taken to play through a column is set by the length of the pattern or patterns which are active and playing during that time slot.
Multiple patterns can be active at the same time in a column, and they will play simultaneously. This allows instrument parts to be separated out into different patterns, or to add ornamentation or fills on top of basic patterns without duplicating the basics into both patterns.
In the case of multiple patterns of different lengths in one column only the largest one(s) will be represented by a square. The shorter patterns are indicated by rectangles whose width indicate their length relative to the longest one.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
Instead of having the same color for all patterns you can set different colors schemes in the Appearance tab in the Preferences. |
In addition to the transport control provided in the Main Toolbar you can use the song ruler for navigation. This the area above the grid and right of the Main Controls. The position clicked will be rounded to the nearest pattern beginning and transport will be relocated there.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Navigation in Hydrogen is always quantized. It is only possible to move forward / backwards or locate to whole patterns. |
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
You can also locate the keyboard cursor (see Capítulo 3) to a desired pattern and press Ctrl + Space to relocate to this position. |
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Sugerencia You can also drag-and-drop a pattern up/down in the pattern list.
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:
: sets Hydrogen to Single Pattern mode
or to Stacked mode (Sección 8.2.5).
The Song Editor has two different interaction modes. The default Select mode allows pattern blocks to be set, cleared, selected, moved and copied. The Draw mode instead allows pattern sequences to be drawn freehand.
In both modes, you can perform basic editing: clicking an empty square activates the pattern in that time slot, and clicking again will deactivate it.
They keyboard can also be used for editing. The arrow keys ↑|↓|←|→ will move the keyboard input cursor, and pressing Return will activate or deactivate the pattern in the current column.
In addition, there are two major playback modes, Song mode and Pattern mode, with two minor submodes, Single Pattern mode (covered in the Pattern mode section), and Stacked mode. These will determine which parts of the song you will listen too during playback.
| Nota |
|---|---|
While Select mode, Draw mode, Single Pattern mode, and Stacked mode are activated via the Main Controls of the Song Editor, Song mode and Pattern mode are activated via the Transport Control section of the Main Toolbar. |
This mode allows you to select multiple patterns in the Song Editor and delete/move/copy them.
Once you have selected a part of your song you can delete it by pressing Delete. You can move it by simply dragging your selection to another location with your mouse, or by cutting (Ctrl + x) and pasting (Ctrl + v) using your keyboard. You can also copy your selection by either holding Ctrl while dragging it to a new location, or by copying (Ctrl + c) and pasting (Ctrl + v) using your keyboard.
Selections can be modified by holding Ctrl while clicking to select additional blocks, or to remove selected blocks from the selection.
The arrow keys on the keyboard can also be used, along with Return, to select, move and copy parts of the song:
Shift + ↑|↓|←|→ can be used to make selections using the keyboard
Return over a selected block will begin a move or copy
↑|↓|←|→ to move the selected cells into position
Return to move the selected blocks into place
Ctrl + Return to copy the selected blocks into place
Pressing Esc will cancel an editing operation that's in progress, or clear any selection.
This mode allows you to insert patterns by drawing - holding the left button while moving the mouse - blocks on the song canvas.
Clicking a square on the song canvas will add a pattern (the square will turn blue) and clicking it again will remove it. Holding the mouse button down will continue either adding or removing patterns from under the mouse cursor.
Using the arrow keys on the keyboard, and the Return, will also add and remove patterns from the song.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The keyboard input cursor is usually hidden unless you press one of the keys listed in Capítulo 3. You can alter this default behavior in the General tab of the Preferences. |
When Song mode is selected Hydrogen will play the sequence of patterns you have created in the Song Editor from left to right until it reaches the end of the song.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
By enabling Loop mode in the transport control, the playback will move seamlessly to the beginning again after reaching the end of the song. |
When Pattern mode is selected Hydrogen will play the pattern that is currently selected in the Song Editor and displayed in the Pattern Editor. This usual behavior is also called Single Pattern mode.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
By enabling Loop mode in the transport control, the playback will move seamlessly to the beginning again after reaching the end of the pattern. |
Normally when composing a pattern and editing it, you'll listen to that single pattern looping over and over again while working on it. Sometimes, however, it's useful to hear that pattern in the context of other patterns (for example, other instrument parts) while working on it.
Stacked mode will play multiple patterns simultaneously, on a loop. You can select which patterns play using Ctrl + left click on the pattern's name. Selected patterns are all marked with a triangle.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Hydrogen's playback mode must be set to Pattern rather than Song for Stacked mode to take effect. |
The Sidebar of the Song Editor allows you to interact with and arrange the patterns of your song.
Left-clicking selects a pattern, double-clicking allows you to rename a pattern, drag-and-dropping allows you to rearrange the patterns, and right-clicking will show you a menu where you can change a number of things:
[Retroceso] = Volver al principio de una canción o un patrón
Nota Note that patterns with the same name are not allowed.
[Retroceso] = Volver al principio de una canción o un patrón
Fill/Clear: will open a window that allows you to fill/clear a part of the song with the selected pattern by entering the start- and end bar.
Properties: will open a window where you can change the name of the pattern and also assign it to a certain category. Using the latter you can group pattern in in the Sound Library.
Nota Note that you can choose one of the existing categories from the dropdown list, but you can also enter a new category name in the Pattern Category box.
[Retroceso] = Volver al principio de una canción o un patrón
Los drumkits se archivan automáticamente en el directorio
data(por ej.$HOME/data/drumkits).*.h2pattern: Archivo XML que describe un sólo patrón. Los patrones son conjuntos de golpes y se gestionan en el editor de patrones.
PortAudio: un driver de audio de código abierto y multiplataforma
Virtual patterns are a convenient way of grouping patterns together. For example, say you have a song in which three patterns are always played together at the start of each bar. Previously, the way to do this in the pattern matrix was to explicitly enable the three patterns at each bar.
With virtual patterns we can assign a pattern to be a sort of meta-pattern that implicitly invokes these three patterns together when the new virtual pattern is enabled in the pattern matrix. This way, we only need to set one pattern every bar, instead of three.
Virtual patterns provide a function that's similar to the regular pattern editor, and one could argue that since a virtual pattern is also a regular pattern, we could have just merged the three patterns into this new one. However, the advantage that virtual patterns provide is that if one of the original three patterns changes, the virtual pattern automatically inherits the change. A virtual pattern can also invoke other virtual patterns.
The majority of songs consist of several parts (intro, verse, chorus ...) and often these parts will have a different tempo. Hydrogen provides an easy way to let you change the tempo of a song at any given moment in the song. This is done by adding Tempo Markers to your song.
To add a Tempo Marker you first need to show the Timeline by clicking the
button at the bottom of the Song Editor or via the View element of the Main Menu and enable it using the
button. Once this is done
the horizontal bar next to the button changes to a ruler with marks at every bar.
Now simply left-click this ruler at the bar you want the tempo to change and a
window will pop up where you can enter the new tempo.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Please note that the ruler will not be available while using the JACK transport in slave mode (see Sección 7.5 for details. |
Once you have entered the new tempo and clicked OK, the tempo change will show up on the Timeline. If you click the Tempo Marker again you can edit the tempo, change the bar or delete it.
In addition to altering the tempo when the song switches from e.g. the intro into a verse, it is also very handy to have a clear indication of more general changes or special events in the song. For this purpose you can also add Tags to the song. These Tags are short text messages you can add at any given moment that will be displayed whenever the song playhead passes by that Tag.
To add a Tag middle-click on the song ruler (just below the Timeline) and a window will pop up that allows you to add text for any bar.
Once you are done you will see a small blue T in the song ruler for every Tag
you have entered. Middle-click anywhere on the song ruler to edit the tags.
Using the Playback Track you can program your song alongside an existing audio file, for example a guitar track.
| Nota |
|---|---|
When a Playback Track is loaded, it will be played back every time audio transport in Hydrogen is rolling and Song mode is activated. |
To add a playback track to your song, you need to enable the playback track view. This can be done by either pressing the
button left to the scroll bar at the bottom of the Song Editor or via the View element of the Main Menu.
Left to the wave display, the controls of the Playback Track are displayed.
Edit: loads an audio file.
Sugerencia As an alternative, you can load an audio file by dragging it into Hydrogen and dropping over the wave display.
Mute: mutes the Playback Track.
Fader: adjusts the volume. You can think of this fader as the mixer strip of the Playback Track. The resulting audio will be pass the Master section of the Mixer like any other strip too.
| Nota |
|---|---|
In its current implementation the Playback Track does hide the song ruler used for navigation. It is therefore advised to hide the Playback Track again once you are done setting the sound file and adjusting its volume. |
The Automation Path allows you to control the overall velocity of all notes throughout the song. It can be viewed using the shortcut Alt + A or via the View option of the Main Menu.
Clicking the graph area introduces a new point determining when and to which value the velocity will be changed. Currently only linear interpolations of the velocity between the individual points are supported. You can drag a point to move it and you can delete one by dragging another point over it and "absorbing" it.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Whether the Automation Path is hidden or shown does not affect its activation state. It is always active and can't be disabled. But in its default setting it won't alter anything. In its current implementation you have to reset the Automation Path to its original state manually in order to disable it. |
Tabla de contenidos
This is where it all happens, this is where you can make music :-)
The Pattern Editor
allows you to create and modify the pattern selected in the Sidebar of the Song Editor by adding/removing notes and tuning
a number of per-note properties, like velocity and pan.
The Pattern Editor
can be used in two modes: as Drumkit Editor or as Piano Roll Editor. You can switch between these
two by clicking the
button (located on the top-right of the Pattern Editor).
| Nota |
|---|---|
If you are editing a pattern in Single Pattern mode you will always hear the pattern you are editing when you playback is rolling. If you are working in Stacked Pattern mode you will hear the active pattern(s), not necessarily the pattern you are currently editing. The active patterns have a small triangle next to the pattern name in the Song Editor. (see Single Pattern and Stacked mode for details). |
The top part of the Pattern Editor contains a number of controls applying to both the Drumkit Editor and the Piano Roll Editor:
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:It will open a dialog to enter the new size as text, in the standard music fractional notation:
Type / to separate numerator and denominator.
If you enter just the numerator (e.g.
4), the current denominator will be assumed. You can enter a decimal numerator (e.g.4.5/4) but since Hydrogen resolution is limited, some values are not supported and will be approximated.Nota Hydrogen supports (only) the following denominators:
1,2,3,4,6,8,12,16,24,32,48,64,96, and192because these are the factors of the maximum resolution (192 ticks per whole note). You can use unsupported denominators, but the size will be approximated almost all the times, hence a warning icon will appear:
: this is the current grid resolution (1/4through1/64with triplet-based resolutions marked as1/8T).Nota Recuerda esta limitación en cuanto a la rejilla: si estás trabajando con una resolución de 16 no puedes volver a una de 8 y quitar una nota de 1/16; por otro lado, si trabajas con una resolución de 8 e intentas insertar una nota entre dos barras (buscando una resolución de 1/16), las notas se colocarán en en la barra anterior o posterior en la rejilla de 1/8. Esta limitación puede quitarse si desactivas la resolución de rejilla (selecciona "off" en el menú LCD de la resolución). Ahora podrás colocar las notas donde quieras.
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Nota When disabled you will still hear the preview sound when clicking on the instrument name in the Sidebar. Be sure to click at the left-most position - where the preview is silent - in case you don't want to get disturbed.
: enables/disables quantization.
When enabled, beats recorded from MIDI or from the
virtual keyboard will automatically respect the grid
resolution currently applied, just like notes inserted by
clicking. - /
: switches between Drumkit Editor and Piano Roll Editor.
The section on the left shows you what drumkit is currently selected (GMRockKit by default) and below that you can see the instruments that are part of this kit.
Left-clicking the box containing the instrument name will play back a sample of the instrument. Which layer will be select depends on the horizontal position of the mouse click representing zero velocity to the left and maximum velocity to the right. In addition, each instrument has its own set of features that are accessible by right-clicking the instrument. From the context menu that pops up you can select.
: El volumen general del instrumento.
Fill notes: this allows you to fill up the pattern with notes for the selected instrument.
Nota Depending on the choice you make (
fill all,fill 1/2,fill 1/4...) notes will be placed at all, 1/2, 1/4, etc of the note positions that are allowed by the grid setting. So be careful not to mix up the 'musical' 1/2-note and the 'fill 1/2' note.Randomize velocity: automatically apply a pseudo-random velocity to each note of that instrument in the pattern.
Nota The more velocity you set on the instrument, the more Hydrogen will hit “hard” on that instrument when played.
Select notes: will select all the notes played on this instrument in the current pattern. They can then be copied, moved etc. in the Pattern Editor main area.
Edit all patterns: this section of the menu has actions which operate on notes played by the instrument in all the patterns of the song.
Herramientas: abre el mezclador, el editor de lista de reproducción, el rack de instrumentos y la ventana de preferencias generales.
Herramientas: abre el mezclador, el editor de lista de reproducción, el rack de instrumentos y la ventana de preferencias generales.
[Retroceso] = Volver al principio de una canción o un patrón
Herramientas: abre el mezclador, el editor de lista de reproducción, el rack de instrumentos y la ventana de preferencias generales.
Sugerencia These can be used together to change the instrumentation of a song, entirely replacing one instrument with another by just copy and pasting the notes to a new instrument.
Instrumentos: este menú ofrece funciones de instrumentos y drumkit (librerías de sonidos).
: El volumen general del instrumento.
: El volumen general del instrumento.
The
button mutes the instrument and
solos it.
The order of the instruments can be rearranged by simply dragging an instrument up/down in the list and dropping it on a new position within the drumkit. Doing so will not change the sequence of notes you have created for that instrument, nor will it change anything about the song or pattern you are working on.
| Aviso |
|---|---|
It will however, have an impact on the MIDI note mapping. |
| Aviso |
|---|---|
Rearranging the instruments will also mess up the per-instrument JACK output ports. Be sure to have your drumkit set up before starting wiring. |
Right of the Sidebar area you can see your selected pattern and add notes for any instrument. The simplest way to create a pattern is by adding notes using Fill notes. Where you can add notes depends on the used pattern size and resolution.
If you are using Hydrogen as a pure 'drum' you just want Hydrogen to 'hit' the instrument wherever there's a 'dot' in the pattern. If you are using Hydrogen as an 'instrument', the length of the note becomes very important. There are 2 ways to define the length of a note :
you can add a note by left-clicking, and then can 'stretch' that note by right-click-dragging it. This will change the dot into a rectangle that represents the duration of that note.
alternatively, you can add a stop-note by Shift + left-clicking. This adds a blue dot which represents the end of the note.
(Figure above, from left>right : a 'normal' note, a note in 'note length' mode, a note in 'note off' mode)
As in the Song Editor, the arrow keys can also be used to move around the pattern, and notes can be placed or removed with Return (see Capítulo 3).
Notes can be selected by dragging over them with the mouse (or Shift + ↑|↓|←|→), and can be deleted with Delete, or moved by dragging (or Return followed by ↑|↓|←|→ movements) the notes to a new location. This allows notes to be moved between different instruments, or to adjust their timing. Movement in the horizontal direction is constrained by the currently selected grid resolution, however this can be overridden by holding down Alt while moving notes.
Moving a selection of notes with Ctrl held down will copy them to the new location rather than moving, as in the Song Editor.
Selected notes can also be copied to the clipboard with Ctrl + C, and pasted with Ctrl + V. When pasting, the relative positions of the input cursor at the time of the Copy and Paste operation will set the new position of pasted notes.
So far we have only used the mouse or keyboard editing to create a pattern, but you can also record your beats. This is probably a more musical way of creating a pattern, but it's up to you to decide what works best for you.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
Also see Capítulo 18 for a basic walk-through of how the Pattern Editor works. |
Clicking on an instrument or adding/removing a note associated will select this instrument. Once an instrument is selected all note properties of its notes will be shown in the form of vertical lines in the bottom window. The lines represent the values for the selected property of each note of the selected instrument. You can select a different note-property from the note property drop-down list (located bottom-left).
Están disponibles los siguientes drivers:
Velocity: how hard the note is played (the volume of the note). This property also determines which sample of the instrument will be selected.
Nota The color of the vertical bar will change according to the velocity value you have defined. A light shade of gray means a low velocity (low volume) and the higher you set the velocity the darker the color will be, turning red when you reach the point of clipping.
Pan: with this property you can move the stereo image position of the note (how loud it will be in the left/right output).
Sugerencia For a detailed description of how this Pan value does interact with the instrument Pan and the Pan Laws in the Mixer please see Pan.
Lead/Lag: Lead and Lag allows a slight note lead or lag in respect of the actual beat. The range is ca. 5 ticks (ca. 1/10 of quarter notes) which equals around ca. 10 ms at a tempo of 120bpm. Changing the lead/lag can make a huge difference to the way your pattern sounds and feels. It's a groove thing ;-)
NoteKey: if you select this note parameter the area where you can modify the parameter will change into a 'piano keyboard'
The striped black and white area represents a piano keyboard and in the gray area you can choose the octave. By moving the dots on the octave scale and the 'keyboard', you can choose any note value.
Nota Note that the Piano Roll Editor can also be used to change the note value of existing notes.
Probability: changing the Probability property of a note provides a way for Hydrogen to automatically create some variation in patterns. By setting the probability to less than
1.0, a note may be randomly skipped: a note with probability1.0will always be played, a note with probability of0.0will never be played.
Clicking or dragging the value lines in the Note Properties Editor will set the property value. But often you'll want to set the properties of several notes at once, so there are a few ways to do this.
Drawing with the mouse:
Pressing the mouse button over the first note's property, you can hold down the mouse button and drag over multiple notes. This is great for quickly creating a crescendo from a filled set of notes.
Selecting multiple notes:
The mouse or keyboard can be used to select multiple notes, which can then be modified all together by dragging them together. This can be useful for creating really consistent quiet grace notes. Alternatively, you can use the mouse wheel for a coarse adjustment or combine it with a pressed Ctrl key for fine adjustments.
The Pattern Editor can be used as Piano Roll Editor pressing the Input button.
While the Drumkit Editor focuses on using Hydrogen as a drum machine, you can also use it an instrument via the Piano Roll Editor. It gives you a complete 'piano keyboard' so you can easily put down your tunes.
You can compare the Piano mode to the NoteKey property in the Note Properties Editor. Only here you have a complete piano keyboard, so you don't have to select the octave first.
| Nota |
|---|---|
When entering multiple notes in one column - as a chord - the corresponding symbol in the Drumkit Editor will be prepended with e.g. a |
Tabla de contenidos
La Biblioteca de Sonidos te ahorra tiempo al gestionar tus drumkits, patrones favoritos y canciones favoritas. Al hacer nuevas canciones y drumkits, la Biblioteca de Sonidos te facilita el reutilizar y mezclar los instrumentos y patrones de otros drumkits y patrones.
It is located in the Instrument Rack in the lower right corner of Hydrogen, which can be shown or hidden via the View option in the Main Menu or via the corresponding button in the Main Toolbar. The Instrument Rack does either show the Instrument Editor or the Sound Library depending on what is chosen in the View option in the Main Menu or the corresponding buttons at the top of the Instrument Rack.
The list of drumkits comprises both the kits present at system level and the ones at user level.
Esto enumera los drumkits instalados por tu administrador de sistemas. Se determina mediante el prefijo de tiempo de compilación (compile-time). En sistemas operativos tipo Unix, esto normalmente es /usr/share/hydrogen/data/drumkits, o posiblemente /usr/local/share/hydrogen/data/drumkits. Estos drumkits están disponibles para cualquier usuario, y éstos normalmente no pueden hacer añadidos.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
You can still modify those kids by saving a tweaked version as a user level kit. |
The User drumkits are those which you can manage yourself. They
are stored in the Hydrogen data
directory (usually $HOME/.hydrogen/data/) within the drumkits
folder. When you have
created a new drumkit via New in the Drumkit option of the Main Menu, you can save it using Save As from the same menu. In addition, you can also Online Import a number of drumkits provided by the dev team of Hydrogen.
| Aviso |
|---|---|
If you are using Hydrogen for commercial purposes, (creating songs and selling these online or in any other way) you need to pay special attention to the license type of the drumkit(s) you are using. If the exact license is not available for a drumkit, do not assume that it is a Creative Commons (CC) or other open and free license. Even if the kit is CC licensed you should always check with the author before using the kit in your songs. DISCLAIMER : Hydrogen is not responsible for the drumkits that are made available for download by our users, either via the hydrogen-music.org or via any other channel. |
Para cargar un drumkit desde aquí, haz clic derecho sobre el drumkit y selecciona . Esto reemplazará el drumkit actual con el que has seleccionado. Para cargar sólo un instrumento de ese drumkit, haz clic izquierdo sobre el a la izquierda del nombre del drumkit para mostrar todos los instrumentos. Con el botón izquierdo del ratón, haz clic y arrastra los instrumentos al drumkit actual. El instrumento se añadirá al drumkit que tienes cargado actualmente.
Para guardar canciones en la Biblioteca de Sonidos, colócalos en tu directorio de datos en la carpeta de songs (normalmente $HOME/data/songs. Para eliminarlas, quita el archivo de esa carpeta.
Para guardar canciones en la Biblioteca de Sonidos, colócalos en tu directorio de datos en la carpeta de songs (normalmente $HOME/data/songs. Para eliminarlas, quita el archivo de esa carpeta.
Antes de guardar tus patrones en la biblioteca de sonidos asegúrate de editar sus propiedades haciendo clic derecho y seleccionando . Aquí puedes asignar un título y una categoría al patrón. Puedes utilizar una de las categorías ya proporcionadas, o crear tu propia categoría simplemente tecleando un nombre de categoría. El nombre de la categoría es importante, porque los patrones se archivarán por categorías en la Biblioteca de Sonidos.
Tabla de contenidos
The Instrument Editor is located in the Instrument Rack in the lower right corner of Hydrogen, which can be shown or hidden via the View option in the Main Menu or via the corresponding button in the Main Toolbar. The Instrument Rack does either show the Instrument Editor or the Sound Library depending on what is chosen in the View option in the Main Menu or the corresponding buttons at the top of the Instrument Rack.
When clicking the General button in the Instrument Editor you can adjust several
parameters that apply to the particular instrument (and all its layers) selected in the Sidebar of the Pattern Editor.
| Nota |
|---|---|
It's important that you understand Drumkit Concepts and a couple of basic concepts of sound synthesis described in the Glossary in order to continue on. To ease reading, several of the latter concepts are linked in the text. |
When a note associated with this instrument is triggered, its volume is run through an ADSR Envelope. Its particular settings can be adjusted using the envelope parameters located right below the instrument name.
Attack: la cantidad de tiempo para que el volumen del sample pase de 0 a la intensidad máxima de la nota. Si el valor es 0, el sample sonará inmediatamente con la intensidad máxima. Si el valor es 1.0, el volumen del sample utilizará el máximo tiempo disponible para el parámetro de ataque.
Decay: la cantidad de tiempo para que el volumen del sample baje de la intensidad máxima hasta el volumen de sustain. Si el valor es 0, el sample inmediatamente saltará del volumen de attack al volumen de sustain. Si el valor es 1, el volumen del sample utilizará el máximo tiempo disponible para el parámetro de decay.
Sustain: el volumen reproducido para la nota tras terminar la fase de decay, y hasta que la nota se "libera" (release). Si se configura a 0, la nota estará silenciada. Si se configura a 1.0, la nota sonará a la intensidad máxima.
Release: el tiempo necesario para apagar la nota desde el volumen de sustain hasta 0 (silencio). Si se deja en 0, la nota se silenciará en el tiempo mínimo (unos 5 ms). Si se deja en 1, se reducirá en el tiempo máximo disponible.
Si el sample es más corto que los tiempos especificados, terminará sin importar la fase de ADSR en el que se encuentre. Si la nota es sostenida, no silenciará la nota mientras lo sostengas. Sólo sostiene el parámetro de ganancia (volumen) durante ese tiempo.
The Gain adjusts the overall volume of all samples associated with this Instrument. This Gain is
applied in addition to the one you set for each layer and before the one
that is set in the Instrument Channel Strips. If the
set to 0, the instrument will be
silent. If the Gain is 1.0, the volume of the samples will not be
adjusted. If the Gain is set higher, the samples will be
amplified.
| Aviso |
|---|---|
Es muy fácil poner el mando de demasiado alto, haciendo que el sample quede clipeado (distorsionado). Acuérdate de probar la ganancia con notas de intensidad máxima. Si aquí se te clipea la señal, seguramente empeorará según lo procesa Hydrogen. |
Hydrogen proporciona más grupos de silencio de los necesitarás jamás (más de 256). Un grupo de silencio es un agrupamiento de instrumentos que son mútuamente exclusivos - sólo puede sonar un instrumento en un momento dado. Si un instrumento está sonando y otro del grupo se dispara, el primero se silenciará inmediatamente y sonará el segundo instrumento. Esto es útil sobre todo para instrumentos como el hi hat, donde el sonido abierto y el cerrado son instrumentos diferentes.
Si el grupo de silencio está en Off, el instrumento no forma parte de ningún grupo. Si se especifica un número, entonces el instrumento pertenece al grupo denominado con ese número. Para meter otros instrumentos en el mismo grupo, configura el parámetro del grupo de silencio con el mismo número. (Por ejemplo, para agrupar todos los hi hats, puedes configurar el parámetro del grupo de silencio de todos ellos en el 1. Para tener un grupo de silencio para la caja, configura su parámetro para utilizar el 2.)
If the Auto-Stop-Note box is checked, Hydrogen will immediately stop any playing samples belonging to this instrument whenever the instrument is re-triggered, e.g. by another note.
This option is particularly useful when you are using long samples like a crash or some existing audio that you have sampled (like a looped voice in a dance/electro song). For the crash you will need to use the Auto Stop-Note when you are sequencing multiple notes in fast succession and want to make it sound realistic. If you do not check this option the cymbal will start to sound like multiple cymbals instead of only one (since the sample of each individual hit will be played completely). For the voice sample this option is useful if you are trying to get that 'stuttering' effect.
The Apply Velocity box lets the user decide whether Hydrogen should apply the note velocity to the sample being played.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
The note velocity can set it the Note Properties Editor. |
When activated, Hydrogen will apply the note velocity to the sample gain in addition to the layer gain, the instrument gain, the component gain, or the instrument volume. If all the layer samples are normalized, this option should be used.
| Nota |
|---|---|
By default this option will be selected as this is the way older versions of Hydrogen used to work. |
When not activated, the note velocity will only be used to select the sample to be played, but the sample gain itself will not be changed. This is useful for set of samples that already have their gain "hard-coded".
El filtro es un low-pass resonance filter. Si no deseas usarlo, haz clic en el botón de para que se ponga rojo. Si no está rojo el filtro se encuentra activo. El parámetro de corte (cutoff) determina la frecuencia de corte para el filtro. El parámetro de resonancia determina cuánta resonancia tiene la frecuencia de corte. Si la resonancia se deja en 0, el filtro no es más que un simple low-pass filter.
| Nota |
|---|---|
La frecuencia de corte del filtro varía con la tasa de muestreo de tu tarjeta de sonido. El rango del mando (0 a 1.0) está optimizado para una tasa de muestreo de 48,000 kHz. |
The first two knobs control the pitch shift offset.
You can use it to change the tuning of the instrument.
Pitch is the Coarse control and has quantized steps of half-tones from -24 to +24.
Fine is the Fine control and has quantized steps of cents of half-tones from -0.50 to +0.50.
The Random parameter allows you to randomly vary the pitch
of the sample every time it is triggered. The value is set between 0
and 1.0.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The pitch change is fairly small, almost always between ±1 half-steps ⨉ value. Using this sparingly can help your sequences to sound more like a real drummer. |
Hydrogen is capable of generating MIDI messages that you can use to trigger any external MIDI device or application. To do this, you simply need to configure the MIDI output Channel and Note for every instrument. You need to have a sample loaded (an empty WAV file is fine) and make sure the proper MIDI routing/wiring is in place and you're set. As you can see this is a very flexible approach that enables you to trigger samples or sounds from multiple devices and/or apps.
From now on every time a note is played for that instrument (in the Hydrogen sequencer) a MIDI message will be sent to your external app/device and trigger a sound. This way you can use Hydrogen as a pure sequencer for other apps, or combine the internal Hydrogen sampler with multiple external apps/devices.
| Nota |
|---|---|
By enabling Use output note as input in the MIDI system tab of the Preferences dialog the number specified in the Note field will also be used to associate the current instrument with the corresponding incoming MIDI messages. |
The hi-hat is a particular instrument of the drumkit as its sound can be changed by pressing the foot pedal.
For e-drum owners, the hi-hat pressure group enables to group different hi-hat instruments together, for example closed, half closed, fully open.
Pressure Group: you can assign more instruments to the same group. You can create many groups. For example one group for the different opening levels of a hi-hat when playing the top of it, another group when playing the edge. Another example: timpanis - create a group for each timpani and the pressure will change the note.
Range: set the minimum and maximum pressure for each instrument.
Each instrument of a given group should seat in its own separate pressure range.
The range will decide at what pressure level the instrument will be played.
For example, if your closed hi-hat has range from 0 to 20,
when the hi-hat pedal is pressed between 0 and 20 the closed hi-hat is played.
When clicking the Layers button in the Instrument Editor you can adjust the samples and synthesizer parameters of the particular layers of the instrument selected in the Sidebar of the Pattern Editor.
Right below the General and Layers button you find the name of the currently selected component. In the drop down menu accessible by pressing
you find a list of all components available in the current drumkit and can select them via a left click. Below a separator you can also find three options to add a new component, delete the current one, or rename the current one.
| Aviso |
|---|---|
The components are shared by all instruments. This means deleting it will delete it including all associated layers from a all instruments and not just the currently selected one. |
Next you find a listing of all layers of the current component in the selected instrument. The wave form of the sample loaded to the currently selected layer (the one enclosed by a red rectangle) is displayed below.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Empty layers will be displayed as |
El botón 
(escuchar nuevas notas) reproducirá el sample según se añade al patrón. Finalmente puedes mover un instrumento hacia arriba o abajo en la secuencia con los botones 
. Una función útil “Cuantizar” está disponible activando 
. De este modo los ritmos insertados respetarán automáticamente la resolución de rejilla actualmente aplicada.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
Alternatively you can also double-click the wave display to open the Sample Editor. |
| Nota |
|---|---|
When loading a sample it will per-default have its active area set to the whole velocity range. By checking the Set auto velocity option all layers will be assigned an equally sized velocity range corresponding to their layer number (the top-most layer will have a range starting a zero velocity and the bottom-most one that ends at maximum velocity). Note however that this option will overwrite all existing velocity ranges. |
Above the layer listing you find boxes in different shades of grey indicating which range of note velocity will trigger which sample (left: 0 velocity, right: maximum velocity). Left-clicking on any of these boxes will play back the sound of associated sample modulated by the velocity corresponding to the horizontal position of the mouse cursor.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
This will be quite handy when adjusting the velocity ranges of the layers. |
You might have already noticed in the picture above or for shipped drumkits in the Hydrogen GUI that a layer row contains a light blue rectangle that those not quite fill the whole row. This rectangle indicates the range in velocity the associated sample should be triggered. This way you can separate samples for soft hits, regular hits, and so on for each instrument (component). Whenever two rectangles do overlap a triggered note with a velocity within this shared range will consult the Sample Selection to determine which sample will be played back. You can adjust the velocity ranges of each layer by left-clicking the left or right end of the light blue rectangles and dragging it to the desired position.
| Nota |
|---|---|
If there is a(n accidental) hole between two adjacent velocity ranges, the layer closest to the triggered velocity will be used. |
Having a set of samples containing different sample versions of similar sound for the same note velocity is a good way to make your drumkit sound more natural. After all, drummers for example never hit the drum set twice the exact same way.
Hydrogen tries to emulate this behavior by providing multiple layers with overlapping velocity ranges. How the selection of the resulting sample will take place is for you to decide using the Sample Sel. dropdown menu at the bottom of the Instrument Editor.
First in Velocity: will select the first sample available in the velocity set - the one of the layer most further down in the layer listing.Nota This is the way previous versions of Hydrogen were working.
Round Robin: will cycle through the different samples one after another as note a in the same velocity range are played.Random: will select a random sample inside the velocity range for each note played.
Layer Gain: adds Gain for the currently selected layer and the associated sample.
Component Volume: adjusts the volume of all layers within the current component with respect to the ones of the other instruments.
Sugerencia The resulting audio from all layers of each instrument associated with a certain component can be controlled via its Component Channel Strip in the Mixer.
Pitch: adjusts the pitch of the currently selected layer and the associated sample in quantized steps of half-tones from
-24to+24.Fine: adjusts the pitch of the currently selected layer and the associated sample in quantized steps of cents of half-tones from
-0.50to+0.50.
Tabla de contenidos
The Sample Editor allows you to tweak and manipulate your
samples. It can be accessed by selecting a layer in the Instrument Editor and clicking the
button. It will really speed up the creation of a drumkit since
you can do the fine-tuning of the samples within Hydrogen and avoid a lengthy import-test-tweak workflow using an external application. This mean less switching between Hydrogen and your audio editor
and more time to make music!
| Nota |
|---|---|
The changes you make to your samples in the Sample Editor are non-destructive and are saved per song. So, the original sample will not be changed, and you can reuse the same sample in multiple songs with different Sample Editor settings. |
In the larger (left) wave display you can see the wave form of the sample you are about to edit. In there you can set the start, stop, and loop point for the sample by dragging the the 3 markers:
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
You can easily move one of the markers by grabbing them close to the letter that marks them. |
Underneath you can find a numerical display of the position set for the individual markers as well as some further options. The position of the markers is expressed in number of frames from the very beginning of the sample.
Start: position of the Start Marker.
Loop: position of the Loop Marker.
Loop Mode: specifies the way the individual loops will be played back.
forward: plays the Loop Count loop passages the usual way from left to right.reverse: plays the Loop Count loop passages the backwards (from right to left).ping-pong: plays the Loop Count loop passages alternatively backwards and forwards (starting with backwards).
Loop Count: indicates the number of times the sample will be repeated between Loop and the End Marker. This section will therefore be played back Loop Count + 1 times.
End: position of the End Marker.
[CTRL + S] = Guardar Archivo
| Nota |
|---|---|
These values will change if you drag the markers, but you can also fine-tune the marker position by using the up/down arrows of the spinboxes, the up/down keys on your keyboard, or by using your mouse scroll wheel while hovering above the spinboxes. |
Whenever you move one of the markers you will see a detail view of the position of that marker on the smaller (right) wave display on the right, making it easy to find the zero-crossings in the sample. This detail window also has a slider next to it that allows you to zoom in and out on the vertical axis. Think of it as a sort of volume 'zoom'.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
If you want to hear a preview of the tweaking you have done so far, you first need to press the Apply Changes and then the Play button (both at the bottom of the window) to hear the result. |
This section of the Sample Editor allows you to use Rubber Band - a tool that can change the tempo of a sample without changing the sample's pitch (and vice versa) - to tweak your sample.
| Nota |
|---|---|
These options are only available if Rubber Band support was either compiled into Hydrogen or was properly configures in the General tab of the Preferences. After installing Rubber Band you should check if the path to the rubberband cli is configured correctly (see Sección 5.1). If neither is the case, all associated widgets will be disabled.
When Sample length to beat is set to |
Sample length to beat: specifies the length of the resulting sample (after Rubber Band was applied to it). After choosing a value other than
offthe length ratio between the original and the resulting sample will be displayed to the right of the combo box under new sample length. To ease the process of finding a proper value, the checkbox will be highlighted green if the length is more or less the same, yellow if there are larger changes, and red if there are significant changes.Sugerencia This should be set to the length of the part of the sample between the Start and End marker, expressed in number of beats.
Nota The beat length does dependent on the current tempo of the song. If it is changed, the samples need to be recalculated using Rubber Band again. When exporting a song all required recalculations will be done automatically. But while using standard playback the
button in the Main Toolbar has to be activated to enable the recalculation of all samples on the fly.
Pitch: specifies the resulting pitch of the sample, expressed in
semitones,cent.Nota This pitch will affect all instances of the sample in addition to the Pitch Shift Parameters in the Instrument Editor and the NoteKey property of each individual note.
Crispness: fine-tunes the processing algorithm used by Rubber Band. It does not affect tempo or pitch, but changes the way the sample sounds.
The bottom part of the Sample Editor features some basic controls and the Envelope Editor.
Apply Changes: applies all settings of the Sample Editor to the selected sample in a non-destructive way.
Play original sample: plays back the underlying sample (without applying any changes).
panorama/volume: dropdown specifying whether the
pan(orama)orvolumeof the sample will be tweaked in the Envelope Editor.
Using the Envelope Editor you can fine-tune both the volume and panorama (pan) of your sample. This is done by creating envelopes by
| Nota |
|---|---|
The volume envelope is blue and the pan envelope is yellow. |
First select
volumeorpanoramain the dropdown to the right.Left-clicking in the Envelope Editor will add a point to the selected envelope or allows you to drag an existing one.
Abrir - Abrir una canción
Hit Apply Changes to make your changes take effect.
Tabla de contenidos
The Mixer window can be opened by pressing Alt + M, by selecting Mixer in the View option of the Main Menu, or by clicking the Mixer button on the Main Toolbar.
The Mixer consists of 3 sections (from left to right): the one containing the Instrument Channel Strips and Component Channel Strips, the FX Plugin Rack, and the Master Fader Strip. The Hydrogen Mixer works very much like a hardware mixer does: it lets you set the volume, pan, FX and several other things for every instrument as well as the volume of all of these sources mixed together.
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Sugerencia This is quite handy for checking clipping.
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:- : mutes all sounds related to the instrument (including the preview sound you hear when clicking on the instrument name in the Sidebar of the Pattern Editor).
Nota This button is sharing its state with the mute button of corresponding instrument in the Sidebar of the Pattern Editor.
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Nota This button is sharing its state with the solo button of corresponding instrument in the Sidebar of the Pattern Editor.
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:
:
the four pre-fader FX send knobs that determine how much of this instrument will be sent to
the effect plugins in the FX Rack.
Fader and LCD: the fader next to the instrument's name allows you to adjust the volume of the instrument which will be applied on top of all the individual note velocities, layer gains etc. In the background of the fader a volume unit (VU) meter is included representing the instrument's signal level. The LCD displays shows its peak value.
Sugerencia You can adjust the falloff speed of the peak values in the LCD display via the Appearance tab in the Preferences.
| Nota |
|---|---|
If the Create per-instrument outputs option in the Audio Engine tab of the Preferences was selected for the JACK audio driver, Hydrogen will register ports for each instrument. All the options described above will only take effect if in addition the Track output option in the same tab as set to This allows you to route the individual instruments directly into any other JACK enabled application, like Ardour, and gives you a lot more flexibility. |
Right of the Instrument Channel Strips there additional strips corresponding to the instrument components.
| Nota |
|---|---|
These channels will not be exposed as JACK output ports when enabling the Create per-instrument outputs option in the Preferences. |
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en
lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:Fader and LCD: the fader next to the component's name allows you to adjust the volume of all layers (of all instruments) associated with this component. In the background of the fader a volume unit (VU) meter is included representing the instrument's signal level. The LCD displays shows its peak value.
Sugerencia You can adjust the falloff speed of the peak values in the LCD display via the Appearance tab in the Preferences.
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:
It has 4 bays where you can load a LADSPA effect plugin, but before you can load any plugins these must be installed on system-level.
There are dozens of plugins available for download from various sources:
SWH-Plugins: available at http://plugin.org.uk.
CMT: available at http://www.ladspa.org.
TAP: available at http://tap-plugins.sf.net.
Calf plugins: available at http://calf.sourceforge.net/.
LSP plugins: available at https://github.com/sadko4u/lsp-plugins/.
....
| Los Plugins Matan |
|---|---|
Un plugin LADSPA es un código compilado y ejecutable. Es capaz de provocar cuelgues, fallos, congelación, desbordamiento de buffers, e incluso llamadas a casa. Si empiezas a tener problemas con Hydrogen, desactiva los plugins y mira a ver si mejoran las cosas. Algunos plugins no están diseñadas para un uso en tiempo real, y algunos simplemente son mejores que otros. |
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en lo cual activa la entrada directa de eventos MIDI o del teclado dependiendo del siguiente mapa tecla=instrumento:
Now the FX selector window will pop up :
Once you have selected a plugin you will immediately have access
to its parameters:
You can select another plugin by clicking the Select FX button. If you quickly want to
enable/disable the effect click the Deactivate button (or the Bypass (
)
button in the FX Rack).
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
This can be handy for a quick A/B comparison. |
After you have selected the FX and tweaked it's parameters you can use the Return knob to increase/decrease how much of this FX will be returned to the master output.
The Master Fader Strip contains the Master volume fader with volume unit (VU) meter representing the signal level, and three global humanization settings.
Using the fader you can control the volume of the resulting audio output of Hydrogen which is the sum of all the individual Instrument Channel Strips, the Playback Track, and the Metronome. The
button mutes the whole output.
On the bottom-right of the Master section the
button will show or hide the FX Rack, and the
button will enable or disable the VU meters in both the Master Fader Strip and all the individual Instrument Channel Strips and Component Channel Strips.
In order to make the resulting audio sound more natural and less artificial, Hydrogen does offer some humanization capabilities.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
Further humanization capabilities are provided via Random Pitch Shift Parameter in the Instrument Editor. In contrast to the global nature of the humanization in the Master Fader Strip this random pitch will only be applied to notes associated with the corresponding instrument. |
Velocity: adds a certain randomness to the note velocity set in the Note Properties Editor. The higher you turn this knob, the bigger will be the randomness.
Timing: adds a certain randomness to the note timing set in the Note Properties Editor (as Lead/Lag). The higher you turn this knob, the more the timing will be randomized.
Nota Notes are displaced in time but the pattern duration or BPM do not change.
Swing: this knob will add a certain amount of swing to the song. Swing (a slight time delay) is applied to upbeat 16th-notes, and not to 8th-notes as it happens in traditional Jazz.
| Nota |
|---|---|
In technical terms both for the Velocity and the Timing a random number will be sampled independently and identically distributed from a Gaussian distribution. The associated knobs provide a linear scaling of the variance of the underlying distribution. |
In the upper right corner of Master Fader Strip there is a small "cog" icon button:
Click it to open the Mixer Settings window:
Here you can select the Pan Law used by Hydrogen Mixer.
The Pan Law is the relationship between the Resultant Pan and the separate gains of left and right audio outputs. The aim is to control the horizontal angle the sound seems to arrive from.
Hydrogen features one the most customizable and accurate Pan Law set.
You will find four categories: linear, polar,
ratio, quadratic.
Every category gives a different "scale" or "sensibility" to the pan knob:
the same knob position will make the sound appear more lateral or central depending on the category,
from the most lateral (linear) to the most central (quadratic).
Then for each category you will find four options, that define a constraint between the gains of the two channels:
Balance Law (0dB): when you turn the pan knob from center to right, the right gain stays constant at maximum level while the left gain decreases from the maximum level to 0 (and symmetrically turning from center to left).
It is ideal for balancing a DUAL-channel track. It has ZERO center compensation: the sound will be louder when the pan knob is at center - unless channels are out of phase - so you may have to readjust the volume manually with the mixer fader.
Constant Power (-3dB): the total power (which is proportional to the square of the gain) is constant for any position of the pan knob.
Compared to the Balance Law, each channel gain is divided by the square root of 2 when the pan knob is at center (-3.0103 dB center compensation). In a common room, this constraint may give the general perception of uniform volume for any pan knob position (panning a MONO track).
Constant Sum (-6dB): the sum of left and right gains is constant for any position of the pan knob.
This constraint preserves the mix volumes in mono export. Compared to the Balance Law, each channel gain is halved (-6.0206 dB) when the pan knob is at center. If you are in an ideal anechoic room (where there are no acoustic reflections) and you seat perfectly at the same distance from the speakers, with this constraint the volume will be really constant for any pan position, because of the linear super-position of sound waves (panning a MONO track).
Constant k-Norm (Custom dB center compensation): you can experiment adjusting the center compensation to your taste!
Sugerencia Some hi-end studio mixers - to be used in well tuned rooms - have center compensation between -3dB and -6dB.
The four constraints should not change the perception of the stereo angle, but the volume only (depending on the pan knob).
The Pan Law is something you should choose before starting the mix and keep untouched. Hydrogen sets the ratio Balance Law by default because it was the only available law until version 1.0 (so old songs and drumkits will sound the same). The setting is saved in the song file but not in preferences, so it is NOT remembered when you create a new song.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Unlike in advanced mixers, Hydrogen panning makes no distinction if a track is mono or dual-channel (stereo). You cannot pan each channel of stereo tracks separately, nor use a balance law for them and another pan law for mono tracks. If the drumkit you are using is made of true stereo samples, you don't want a negative center compensation probably, so you should select a Balance Law. |
The Director provides a quick overview of what Hydrogen is currently doing. It can be opened by pressing Alt + D or by via the View option in the Main Menu.
The Director shows you the song name, a visualization of the Metronome, and the Tags. Just below the metronome you can see the latest tag, and below that the next upcoming tag. This way you have a nice overview of what is going on, and what is about to happen in the song.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
This comes in very handy when you are recording a song, or if you are using Hydrogen live on stage. |
Tabla de contenidos
The Playlist Editor allows you to group various songs into a playlist and is intended to ease using Hydrogen live on stage. You can access this window via the View option of the Main Menu.
Using the menu you can add various songs to the playlist and you can arrange their order using the arrow buttons to the right of the widget.
| Nota |
|---|---|
When playback reaches the end of one song the next one won't be automatically selected and played! You can select an arbitrary song in the playlist using double left-clicking, by pressing the hotkeys F5 and F6, or the corresponding OSC commands. Also note that selecting a song won't start playback automatically. |
At the bottom of the widget you find a couple of buttons you already know from the Transport Control in the Main Toolbar. They do have the same purposes of starting, pausing, and stopping the playback as well as moving the transport position backwards or forwards by one pattern.
In addition, the Playlist Editor allows you to add scripts executed right before the selected song is loaded.
| Nota |
|---|---|
This means that e.g. OSC commands can not be used to change the state of Hydrogen as the subsequent loading of the associated song would reset it immediately. |
The scripts supported in the Playlist Editor are BASH scripts and one has to both add a script to a song as well as to check the corresponding box in the exec Script column in order to have it by your computer whenever you switch to the particular song.
| Aviso |
|---|---|
Scripts are not supported in the Windows version of Hydrogen. |
Add song to Playlist: let's you select a song to be added to the current playlist.
Add current song to Playlist: adds the currently loaded song to the current playlist.
Remove selected song from Playlist: deletes the selected song from the current playlist.
Editor de lista de reproducción - Una herramienta para gestionar listas de reproducción.
Open Playlist: opens an existing playlist (file of type .h2playlist).
Sugerencia In the General tab of the Preferences dialog you can configure Hydrogen to reload the last used playlist.
Guardar - Guardar cambios a la canción actual
Save Playlist as: saves the current playlist into a file (of type .h2playlist) and location of your choice.
Add Script to selected song: associates a BASH script (file of type .sh) to the currently selected song of the playlist.
Edit selected Script: opens the selected script with your default editor (in an external window).
Nota When using the function for the first time Hydrogen will ask you which program to use as your default editor.
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
Create a new Script: creates a new and empty .sh scrip at a location of your choice.
Nota The default one is the
scriptsfolder in the Hydrogen data directory (usually$HOME/.hydrogen/data/).
Tabla de contenidos
In this section you can find more info about how to make Hydrogen respond to MIDI messages. This is either done using the available MIDI Actions or using the MIDI-learnable Widgets, like knobs or faders, both triggered using MIDI Events.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Before you can work with MIDI actions you should have your MIDI devices, drivers, and connections configured correctly in the MIDI System tab of the Preferences. Please note that this chapter will only cover the table linking external MIDI Events to Hydrogen's MIDI Actions. For all other parameters of the MIDI API please see the MIDI System tab of the Preferences. |
An MIDI Event is an incoming MIDI message, originating from e.g. a MIDI controller or an external sequencer. A MIDI Action is a function built into Hydrogen that can be used to react to a specific MIDI Event. Binding an Event to an Action can be done using the MIDI System tab of the Preferences.
You can also define MIDI bindings by simply pressing the
button left of the Event-Action binding line.
A popup will inform you that Hydrogen is waiting for your input. Press/hit/turn
the key/pad/knob on your MIDI keyboard (or controller) that you want to link to
this action. The popup will close and the Event Param. value will now show the
MIDI note value of the key you pressed. Once this is done you can select an Action
from the action drop-down list.
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
Además, puedes crear nuevos ritmos haciendo clic en |
The Action Param. column to the right of the table specifies the input parameter to the Action (see the corresponding Actions reference for details).
Three types of MIDI Events are available (as described in the MIDI standard):
NOTE: an input coming from a regular black/white key of a keyboard or a drumpad.
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
MMC_x: machine control events coming from buttons, like 'play' or 'stop', on a controller.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Some of the MIDI Actions require that the Action Param. is configured. This parameter usually references a specific channel, instrument, FXsend... Keep in mind that its value is zero-based. So, if you want to reference channel 1 you
have to enter |
<<_PREVIOUS_BAR: moves the playhead to the previous pattern/bar.
ALSA: los drivers estándares de Linux ampliamente adoptados
BEATCOUNTER: calculates the average time passing between successive encounters of this commands and uses it to set the current tempo using the Beat Counter.
BPM_CC_RELATIVE: changes the tempo relative to the current tempo, using a controller. Using the Action Param you can specify by how much the current tempo will change. If the incoming Event is
-1(negative), the tempo will be increased and if it's1(positive), it will be increased.Nota This Action will have no effect if Hydrogen is both in Song mode and the Timeline is activated.
BPM_DECR: decreases the current tempo by the supplied value.
BPM_FINE_CC_RELATIVE: as BPM_CC_RELATIVE but with changes 100 times smaller than the value specified in Action Param.
BPM_INCR: increases the current tempo by the supplied value.
EFFECTx_LEVEL_ABSOLUTE: changes the volume level of an FX
xprovided as an integer between0and127. The value you enter in the Action Param determines the Instrument Channel Strip the Action will be applied to.[CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo
FILTER_CUTOFF_LEVEL_ABSOLUTE: for a value of
0it sets the Filter Cutoff of the instrument strip specified using the Action Param to0. For all other values it sets the cutoff to the provided number divided by 127.0.MASTER_VOLUME_ABSOLUTE: sets the Master output volume to the value provided by the MIDI event times 1.5 and divided by 127.
MASTER_VOLUME_RELATIVE: changes the Master output volume, relative to its current setting. For a value of
0it sets the volume of the master fader to 0. For a value of1it increases its volume by 0.05 and for all other values it decreases it by 0.05. (-1: -0.05 ,0: 0 ,1: +0.05)MUTE: mutes the Master output (sequencer keeps running).
MUTE_TOGGLE: toggles the muting of the Master output (sequencer keeps running).
PAN_ABSOLUTE: changes the pan of an instrument determined by the Action Param to the absolute value - from
0to127- that the linked controller sends to Hydrogen.PAN_RELATIVE: changes the pan of an instrument determined by the Action Param relative to the current value. For a value of
1it increase the pan by 0.05. For all other values it decreases it by 0.05. (-1: -0.05 ,1: +0.05).PLAY/PAUSE_TOGGLE: works the same as PLAY if the playback has not started yet and same as. PAUSE otherwise. (The playhead will not return to the start of the song, but will stay at its current position).
PLAY/STOP_TOGGLE: works the same as PLAY if the playback has not started yet and same as. STOP otherwise.
PLAYLIST_NEXT_SONG: opens the song in the current playlist corresponding to the song number specified in Action Param.
PLAYLIST_PREV_SONG: opens the previous song in the current playlist.
PLAYLIST_SONG: opens the next song in the current playlist.
RECORD/STROBE_TOGGLE: toggles recording (same as pressing the record button in the main toolbar).
RECORD_EXIT: deactivates recording.
RECORD_READY: toggles recording (same as pressing the record button in the main toolbar) if the playback has not started yet.
RECORD_STROBE: activates recording.
Proyectos: este menú ofrece funciones relacionados con archivos.
SELECT_AND_PLAY_PATTERN: works as SELECT_NEXT_PATTERN combined with PLAY.
SELECT_INSTRUMENT: selects the instrument in the drumkit corresponding to the number supplied in the incoming MIDI Event.
SELECT_NEXT_PATTERN: switches to the pattern specified in Action Param.
Nota If Hydrogen is in Song mode, the command will have no effect.
SELECT_NEXT_PATTERN_CC_ABSOLUTE: like SELECT_NEXT_PATTERN but only take effect in Stacked mode.
SELECT_NEXT_PATTERN_RELATIVE: switches Action Param patterns forward.
Nota This Action does only increment the pattern number and will only take effect if Hydrogen is in Stacked mode.
SELECT_ONLY_NEXT_PATTERN: clears the list of patterns scheduled to be played next and adds the one specified in Action Param.
Nota If either Song mode or Stacked mode is activated, this action will have no effect.
[Retroceso] = Volver al principio de una canción o un patrón
STRIP_MUTE_TOGGLE: mutes the instrument specified in Action Param.
STRIP_SOLO_TOGGLE: mutes the instrument specified in Action Param.
STRIP_VOLUME_ABSOLUTE: see MASTER_VOLUME_ABSOLUTE, but applies to the Instrument Channel Strip specified in Action Param.
STRIP_VOLUME_RELATIVE: see MASTER_VOLUME_RELATIVE, but applies to the Instrument Channel Strip specified in Action Param.
TAP_TEMPO: another command calculating the average time passing between successive encounters of this commands and uses it to set the current tempo using Tap Tempo.
[CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo
[CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo
UNMUTE: unmutes the Master output (sequencer keeps running).
Apart from the dedicated MIDI Actions a lot of GUI elements, such as faders or knobs, can also be controlled via MIDI messages. To configure an element to listen for incoming MIDI Events, press Shift while left-clicking it. A 'Waiting for MIDI input...' popup informs you that Hydrogen is now waiting for you to press a key or turn/move a controller on your MIDI device.
| Nota |
|---|---|
If the element that does not support MIDI automation, a different popup will inform you. |
Tabla de contenidos
Open Sound Control (OSC) is a protocol for communication among programs, computers, and hardware, like synthesizers or multimedia devices, via networking protocols such as UDP or TCP. It can be thought of as a replacement for the MIDI protocol with rich benefits, like supporting symbolic and high-resolution numerical argument data, providing an URL-style naming scheme in combination with a pattern matching language, and allowing to bundle messages for a better handling of timing and simultaneous processing.
Hydrogen is able to receive and send OSC messages. This allows you to control it using various devices, like hardware OSC controllers, smartphones, tablets, or any PC. For Linux-based systems you can use or test these interactions using the command line program oscsend.
$ oscsend localhost 9000 /Hydrogen/NEW_SONG s /tmp/new.h2song
| Nota |
|---|---|
To enable OSC support in Hydrogen, open the OSC tab in the Preferences dialog. Make sure that the "Enable OSC support" checkbox is activated, otherwise Hydrogen will not listen for incoming OSC messages. |
| Sugerencia |
|---|---|
Hydrogen's port number defaults to |
| Aviso |
|---|---|
oscsend should only be used for sparse interactive testing and control via a command-line. Using it in scripts is not recommended since every time it sends a command it will registers a new client at the OSC server. If the Enable OSC feedback option in the OSC tab of the Preferences dialog is checked, Hydrogen will send its current state to all registered clients causing it to become slower and slower with every oscsend command sent. Soon you will experience visual lags. When unchecking this option, however, using oscsend is fine. |
The syntax for sending the commands is
$ oscsend localhost OSC_PORT_NUMBER COMMAND_URL COMMAND_TYPE COMMAND_ARGUMENT
with the supported types
[CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo
[CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo
[CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo
[CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo
Detailed description of the formats and conventions used in the tables below
ff: two types placed right after each other indicated that the command requires two distinct arguments.
' ',[f]: two types separated by a comma indicate that two versions of the command are available. To support TouchOSC all commands expecting no parameter are available in an alternative version requiring a float too. In the latter version the argument will be ignored and it is placed in squared brackets [f] to indicate its inferiority compared to the non-parametric version.
[0,]: limitations in possible values of the input parameters are indicated in the range column. For continuous values squared brackets [LOWER_LIMIT,UPPER_LIMIT] are used and a limit will be left empty when it is associated with a "natural" boundary, like the total number of instrument or pattern.
{-1;0;1}: sets of discrete values are shown in curly brackets and separated semicolon {VALUE;...} and usually feature the most convenient input options.
1.0: also in order to support TouchOSC all numerical input has to be passed as type float while most of these numbers will be rounded to integers internally. For all true float inputs the range column uses a floating point representation of the limits, like 1.0 instead of 1.
X: all commands ending with a /X/ require this character to be replaced by an integer and do affect only the corresponding instrument, e.g. oscsend localhost 9000 /Hydrogen/PAN_ABSOLUTE/1/ f 0.3. The instrument number starts at 1 and is determined by the order of the instrument in the mixer and pattern editor.
Tabla 17.1. All OSC Messages
| URL | type | range | description |
|---|---|---|---|
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Starts playback. | |
| [CTRL + S] = Guardar Archivo | ' ',[f] | Stops playback. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Stops playback and moves the playhead to the beginning of the song. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Works the same as /Hydrogen/PLAY/ if the playback has not started yet and same as. /Hydrogen/PAUSE/ otherwise. (The playhead will not return to the start of the song, but will stay at its current position). | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Works the same as /Hydrogen/PLAY/ if the playback has not started yet and same as. /Hydrogen/STOP/ otherwise. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Toggles recording (same as pressing the record button) if the playback has not started yet. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Toggles recording (same as pressing the record button). | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Activates recording. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Deactivates recording. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Moves the playhead to the next pattern/bar. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Moves the playhead to the previous pattern/bar. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | [0,] | If Hydrogen is in Pattern mode, switch to pattern f. If Hydrogen is in Song mode, the command will have no effect. |
| /Hydrogen/SELECT_AND_PLAY_NEXT_PATTERN/ | f | [0,] | Works as /Hydrogen/SELECT_NEXT_PATTERN/ combined with /Hydrogen/PLAY/. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | [0,] | If Hydrogen is in Song mode, locates the playhead to pattern number f. If Hydrogen is in Pattern mode, locates the playhead to the beginning of the current pattern. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | Decreases the current tempo by f. Note that this command will have no effect if Hydrogen is both in Song mode and the Timeline is activated. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | Increases the current tempo by f. Note that this command will have no effect if Hydrogen is both in Song mode and Tempo Marker has been passed. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Calculates the average time passing between successive encounters of this commands and uses it to set the current tempo using the Beat Counter. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Another command calculating the average time passing between successive encounters of this commands and uses it to set the current tempo using Tap Tempo. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | {0,1} | Activates the Timeline if f is not zero and deactivates it otherwise. |
| /Hydrogen/TIMELINE_ADD_MARKER/ | ff | [0,] [10,400] | Adds a Tempo Marker to the Timeline. The first argument specifies the pattern/bar to at the marker to and the second its tempo. |
| /Hydrogen/TIMELINE_DELETE_MARKER/ | f | [0,] | Deletes a Tempo Marker at pattern/bar f on the Timeline. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Mutes the Master output (sequencer keeps running). | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Unmutes the Master output (sequencer keeps running). | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Toggles the muting of the Master output (sequencer keeps running). | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | [0.0,1.5] | Sets the volume of the Master fader. |
| /Hydrogen/MASTER_VOLUME_RELATIVE/ | f | {-1;0;1} | Changes the Master output volume, relative
to the current setting. For a value of 0 it sets the volume of
the master fader to 0. For a value of 1 it increases its
volume by 0.05 and for all other values it decreases it by
0.05. (-1: -0.05 ,0: 0 ,1: +0.05) |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | [0.0,1.5] | See /Hydrogen/MASTER_VOLUME_ABSOLUTE/, but applies to the Instrument Channel Strip provided in the OSC command path as X. Please not that this only affects Instrument Channel Strips. Strip volume control for Component Channel Strips is not implemented yet). |
| /Hydrogen/STRIP_VOLUME_RELATIVE/X/ | f | {-1;0;1} | See /Hydrogen/MASTER_VOLUME_RELATIVE/, but applies to the Instrument Channel Strip provided in the OSC command path as X. Please not that this only affects Instrument Channel Strips. Strip volume control for Component Channel Strips is not implemented yet). |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | [0.0,1.0] | Sets the pan of instrument strip X. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | {-1;1} | Changes the pan of the Instrument Channel Strip
X, relative to the current value. For a
value of 1 it increase the pan by 0.05. For all other values
it decreases it by 0.05. (-1: -0.05 , 1: +0.05) |
| /Hydrogen/FILTER_CUTOFF_LEVEL_ABSOLUTE/X/ | f | [0,127] | For a value of 0 it sets the Filter Cutoff of the
Instrument Channel Strip X to 0. For all other
values it sets the cutoff to the provided number divided by
127.0. Please note that this parameter is not displayed
anywhere in the Mixer but in the Instrument Rack. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | Toggles muting of Instrument Channel Strip X. Input argument will be ignored. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | Toggles soloing of Instrument Channel Strip X. Input argument will be ignored. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | [0,] | Opens song f of the Playlist. |
| /Hydrogen/PLAYLIST_NEXT_SONG/ | ' ',[f] | Opens the next song in the Playlist. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Opens the previous song in the Playlist. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Undoes the previous action. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Redoes the previous undone action. | |
| /Hydrogen/JACK_TRANSPORT_ACTIVATION/ | f | {0;1} | Deactivated the JACK transport support for a value of 0
and activates it for all others. |
| /Hydrogen/JACK_TIMEBASE_MASTER_ACTIVATION/ | f | {0;1} | Unregisters Hydrogen as JACK Timebase Master
for a value of 0 and registers it for all others. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | {0;1} | Deactivated Song mode for a value of 0 and activates it
for all others. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | {0;1} | Deactivated looped playback for a value of 0 and activates it
for all others. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Toggles the metronome. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | f | [0,] | Selects a specific instrument in the drumkit. |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | s | Creates an empty song which will be stored at the absolute path s. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | s | Opens an existing song associated with the absolute path s. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Saves the current song. | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | s | Saves the current song to the absolute path s. | |
| [CTRL + S] = Guardar Archivo | ' ',[f] | Preferencias de audio | |
| [CTRL + O] = Abrir Archivo | ' ',[f] | Utilizar Hydrogen |
Tabla de contenidos
Tabla de contenidos
Esto no es más que una guía rápida de Hydrogen. Consulta el tutorial para una descripción más detallada.
Hydrogen has two main modes: Pattern mode and Song mode. When Pattern mode is activated the current pattern is continuously repeated. This mode is very well suited to tweak your pattern until it's just right, since the pattern you are working on is constantly repeated. This way you can immediately hear the changes you have made. In Song mode the whole song is played. This is useful when putting together the patterns to create the structure of the song.
We'll start from the empty song with an empty pattern created when
Hydrogen starts up: Pattern mode should be selected by default. Now
let's click on the
button in the Main Toolbar, and while the pattern is playing
let's add notes by left-clicking in the grid of the Pattern Editor
(see Figura 18.1). Adjust the grid resolution and tempo if needed.
| Nota |
|---|---|
Remember some constraints of the grid: if you are
working with a resolution of |
Una vez que hemos creado los patrones (Figura 18.2), podemos copiar/pegar/eliminarlos simplemente arrastrándolos con el ratón (activa 'modo selección' en el Editor de Canciones y mantén pulsado el botón izquierdo del ratón para seleccionar los que quieres mover o copiar).
Por supuesto siempre podemos utilizar la ventana del mezclador, bien a la hora de crear o reproducir patrones.
El marco del Mezclador (Figura 18.3) se compone de 32 pistas individuales, cada uno de los cuales está vinculado a un instrumento, más una línea de "Salida Master" para ajustar la salida general del volumen y un botón "FX" (efectos) para configurar efectos. Cada línea tiene 3 botones ( 
), ajuste de paneo ( 
), pico máximo actual, fader de volumen y nombre de la pista. Haciendo clic en sonará el instrumento seleccionado, y los demás se silenciarán. El botón de "Mute" (silencio) , simplemente silencia ese instrumento. El pico máximo indica el volumen máximo alcanzado por el instrumento; el pico debe estar en un rango entre 0.0 y 1.0 (en Figura 18.3 puedes ver algunos volúmenes demasiado altos), de lo contrario se distorsionará, produciendo un sonido extraño (sobre todo con el driver de audio OSS), en este caso es mejor tener el volumen bajo; vigila los vúmetros.
Tabla de contenidos
In this chapter we will show you how to create a complete drumkit. Be sure to have a look at the conceptional design of a drumkit first. Keeping this in mind we will use a top-down approach, so we will start at the Drumkit level and work our way down to the samples.
La creación de un nuevo drumkit con Hydrogen se realiza con el Editor de Instrumentos. Usando el editor de instrumentos puedes cargar samples, configurar parámetros de la envolvente (envelope), configurar la ganancia (gain), y algunas funciones avanzadas más como grupos de silencio (mute groups), filtro de resonancia low-pass (low-pass resonance filter) y altura tonal aleatoria (pitch randomization).
Lets make a brand new drum kit:
Para empezar con un nuevo drumkit de cero, selecciona → . Esto te deja un banco de 32 instrumentos vacíos. Para borrar instrumentos, haz clic derecho sobre cada instrumento y selecciona . Para añadir más instrumentos, selecciona → .
Selecciona un instrumento para empezar a editarlo. Esto se hace haciendo clic izquierdo sobre el nombre del instrumento en la lista de instrumentos (a la izquierda). Verás que el nombre del instrumento en el Editor de Instrumentos coincide con el que has seleccionado.
Cuando el drumkit funciona tal como querías, selecciona → . Te pedirá que le des un nombre al drumkit para guardarlo. Si quieres sobreescribir un drumkit ya existente, tendrás que teclear el mismo nombre que el kit que quieres reemplazar.
Los drumkits se archivan automáticamente en el directorio
data(por ej.$HOME/data/drumkits).Para exportar un drumkit (para compartirlo con otros), hay que cargarlo primero en la Biblioteca de Sonidos. Después, selecciona → en el menú. Selecciona el drumkit que deseas exportar y dale un nombre de archivo para guardarlo.
Para cada instrumento en un drumkit, puedes cargar varios samples y configurar diferentes parámetros del sintetizador. Esta sección te ayudará paso a paso para crear un nuevo instrumento y cargar los samples.
Para empezar a crear un instrumento, selecciona → . Esto te da un instrumento en blanco para comenzar.
Ahora, necesitas dos samples. Cualquier archivo .WAV o .FLAC servirá. Hydrogen proporciona varios en el directorio data/drumkits .
In the Instrument Editor, click on Layers.
You can layer several samples into the instrument. Which one is played
depends on the velocity of the incoming note. Click
and point the Audio File Browser to
your sample.
| Nota |
|---|---|
The Audio File Browser will allow you to preview the sample before you load it. It will also allow you to load more than one sample at a time. But for now, only load one. |
Tras cargar el sample, verás que ahora hay un 1 arriba, y que el rectángulo de más arriba se ha vuelto azul claro. Para cargar un segundo sample, haz clic en la ranura justo debajo, y luego haz clic en para meter otro sample.
Tras insertar los dos samples, probablemente verás que sólo el primer sample se reproduce cuando disparas el instrumento. Esto es porque tienes que configurar los rangos de intensidad para las capas. Mueve el ratón hacia los laterales de los rectángulos azul claro y verás que sale un cursor para arrastrar hacia la derecha o la izquierda. Ahora arrastra el sample hacia la derecha o la izquierda (como una cortina). Ahora verás cómo aparece la Capa 2.
La configuración de intensidad para la capa es intensidad-0 a la izquierda, e intensidad máxima a la derecha. Configura la Capa 1 para las notas suaves y la Capa 2 para las notas fuertes. (Por ej. la Capa 1 a la izquierda y la Capa 2 a la derecha).
Ahora, en la zona de patrones, configura un patrón simple que reproduce este instrumento. Ajusta las configuraciones de intensidad en cada nota para que puedan sonar los diferentes samples. Ahora pon el patrón en modo bucle y notarás la diferencia entre los samples. (Para aprender sobre cómo editar un patrón, consulta Capítulo 9)
Para cada capa puedes configurar la y la . La altura tonal también tiene un ajuste .
Usa el ajuste de para controlar el volumen del sample. Esto es necesario porque es muy difícil tener un conjunto de samples que suenen al mismo volumen. Al ajustar esto, los samples que estaban grabados demasiado bajo se pueden subir para igualarlos a los samples altos (que has tenido que bajar).
| Aviso |
|---|---|
Es muy fácil poner el mando de demasiado alto, haciendo que el sample quede clipeado (distorsionado). Acuérdate de probar la ganancia con notas de intensidad máxima. Si aquí se te clipea la señal, seguramente empeorará según lo procesa Hydrogen. |
La altura tonal (pitch) del sample se puede modificar con los controles correspondientes. El mando de ajusta la altura tonal en semitonos. (Así que -12 baja 1 octava). El mando a la derecha ajusta la altura ±50 cents. (Un semitono son 100 cents.)
| Nota |
|---|---|
La altura se ajusta reproduciendo el sample más rápido o más despacio. Esto se llama el Efecto Doppler. Así que si tienes un sample de 1 segundo y lo bajas -12 (1 octava), tu sample sólo durará 0.5-segundoss. |
You can hear the sample in a layer by clicking the layer id (just below the 'General' and 'Layers' buttons).
Con todos los parámetros que hay disponibles, puede resultar difícil conseguir algo que suene bien cuando acabes. Aquí van algunos consejos para configurar un instrumento:
Baja la ganancia. Cada vez que tienes un control de ganancia (por ej. un amplificador), esto se llama una etapa de potencia. Con cada etapa de potencia adicional que tengas, es fácil que satures la señal - lo cual significa que la señal se distorsiona debido al clipeo. Además, si tienes dos samples que, por sí solos, ya llegan al límite - ¿qué crees que pasará cuando los combines? Está claro, vuelves a saturar la señal.
Si las cosas suenan mal y distorsionadas, empieza por bajar la ganancia de la capa... sobre todo si es mayor de 1.0. Luego baja la ganancia del instrumento. Luego cualquier ganancia de los efectos LADSPA. Luego el fader del mezclador. Luego el fader de la salida master.
Prueba los samples a la máxima intensidad. El sample sonará más alto si la intensidad es mayor. Así que si lo configuras todo para que suene bien con una intensidad de 0.7, ¿qué pasará cuando tengas una intensidad máxima de 1.0? (Una pista: saturación.)
Intenta usar samples con -6 dB máx. Visualmente, esto son samples que llegan a su pico máximo sólo a la mitad del rango completo. Si no, deja la ganancia en aproximadamente 0.5.
Quita todas las desviaciones de CD (DC offset) del sample. En un editor simple de samples, normalmente hay una línea que atraviesa el centro de la onda. Esta es la línea "cero". El inicio de tu sample debería de estar sobre esta línea. El final del sample también debería de estar sobre esta línea. Sin embargo, si la señal está un poco por encima o debajo de esta línea, oirás un 'clic' al comienzo y al final del sample cada vez que sea reproducido. Si tu editor de samples no tiene herramientas para arreglar un problema de desviación de CD, puedes eliminarlo poniendo un ligero fundido de entrada y salida en los extremos del sample.
El ADSR no será más largo que tu sample. Si tienes un sample corto, no importa cómo configures el attack y el delay - el sample dejará de reproducirse.
Las cosas cambian con la tasa de muestreo. Si tienes una configuración realmente buena con todos los parámetros ajustados con esmero... las cosas cambiarán si modificas la tasa de muestreo de tu tarjeta de sonido. Muchas de las funcionalidades y los parámetros internos de Hydrogen están basados en el número de samples que procesa, y no en el número de segundos. El tipo de cosas que cambian son: cualquier cosa basada en el tiempo (como el attack y el release) y cualquier cosa basada en la frecuencia (como la frecuencia de corte).
Los samples típicos utilizados en Hydrogen son: el sonido de un golpe simple de batería, el sonido de un golpe simple de plato, el sonido de un golpe simple de cencerro. Cuando metes una nota en el patrón (o reproduces una nota usando MIDI), Hydrogen reproducirá el sonido que hayas cargado. Así que para crear un drumkit tienes que reunir grabaciones cortas del bombo, cada tom, cada plato, el hi hat abierto, el hi hat cerrado, la caja (con bordonero y sin bordonero), golpes del borde, etc.
Sin embargo, no hay reglas en cuanto a qué puede ser un sample. Es común utilizar Hydrogen para disparar sonidos que no son de batería, tales como: clips de audio de personas hablando, un clip de una canción, efectos de sonido, clips de audio de películas, personas famosas hablando. ¡Se creativo!
Tabla de contenidos
Antes de trabajar con Hydrogen, por favor familiarízate con estos archivos:
*.h2pattern: Archivo XML que describe un sólo patrón. Los patrones son conjuntos de golpes y se gestionan en el editor de patrones.
*.h2song: Archivo XML que describe la canción entera (o secuencia). Las canciones son conjuntos de patrones con sus propiedades y se gestionan utilizando el editor de canciones
*.h2playlist: Archivo XML que describe una lista de reproducción. Una Lista de Reproducción es un conjunto de canciones.
*.h2drumkit: Una carpeta comprimida y archivada que contiene todos los samples de sonidos que componen un "drumkit" (una batería) y un archivo XML de descripción. Los drumkits son básicamente un conjunto de samples.
Tabla 21.1. Shortcut Table
| Shortcut | Description |
|---|---|
| Ctrl + N | New Project |
| Ctrl + O | Open File |
| Ctrl + D | Open Demo |
| Ctrl + S | Save Song |
| Ctrl + Shift + S | Save Song as |
| Ctrl + P | Export Pattern as |
| Ctrl + M | Export MIDI file |
| Ctrl + E | Export Song (see Export Song) |
| Ctrl + L | Export LilyPond file |
| Ctrl + Q | Utilizar Hydrogen |
| Ctrl + Z | Undo an action |
| Ctrl + Shift + Z | Redo an action |
| Alt + D | Show Director |
| Alt + M | Show Mixer |
| Alt + I | Show Instrument Rack |
| Alt + A | Show Automation Path |
| Alt + F | Toggle fullscreen mode |
| Ctrl + Alt + I | Set Input mode to Instrument |
| Ctrl + Alt + D | Set Input mode to Drumkit |
| Alt + P | Show Preferences |
| Alt + ? | Manual de Hydrogen |
| Backspace | [Retroceso] = Volver al principio de una canción o un patrón |
| Space | Play / Pause |
| Ctrl + Space | Starts playback at the current cursor position. If playback is already rolling, it will relocate to the cursor position without pausing or stopping playback. Note that on MacOS this shortcut is bound to Alt + Space. |
| , | Use the Beat Counter |
| \ | Use Tap Tempo |
| + | Increase tempo by 0.1 BPM |
| - | Decrease tempo by 0.1 BPM |
| F5 | Jump to previous song in playlist |
| F6 | Jump to next song in playlist |
| F9 | Jump to previous bar in the song |
| F10 | Jump to next bar in the song |
| F12 | Panic button (stops the song and mutes all playing sounds) |
Esto es un glosario de términos generales que se encuentran al utilizar Hydrogen, sintetizadores, baterías o samplers. Las definiciones del texto están simplificadas, pero las definiciones aquí son más generales y están más explicadas. Por ejemplo, el texto del manual te llevaría a creer que un ADSR es el único tipo de generador de envolventes (envelope generator), y que sólo controla el volumen. Mientras que sirve para nuevos usuarios, no es del todo correcto.
- ADSR
Un tipo de generador de envolventes que te permite controlar los parámetros de Attack, Decay, Sustain, y Release. Generalmente, los parámetros son proporcionales a la intensidad.
Un generador de envolventes de Attack (Ataque)/Decay (Decaimiento)/Sustain/Release. Tras disparar una nota, Hydrogen atacará la nota incrementando su volumen de 0 hasta la plena intensidad de la nota. Tras llegar a la máxima intensidad, decaerá la nota bajando el volumen hasta que alcanza el nivel del sustain. Cuando la nota se suelta, (release) Hydrogen vuelve a reducir el volumen desde el nivel de sustain hasta 0.
En Hydrogen, el 'ADSR envelope generator' sólo controla el volumen (atenuación).
Lee más sobre esto en el Artículo de Wikipedia (en inglés) ADSR Envelope
Ver también Generador de la Envolvente (Envelope Generator), Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release.
- Attack
Esta es la primera fase de un 'ADSR envelope', y es la cantidad de tiempo necesario para subir el parámetro de 0 a la máxima intensidad tras disparar la nota.
Ver también ADSR.
- Atenuación
En filtros y mezcladores, esto es la reducción de la señal (volumen).
Ver también Roll-off.
- Band-Pass Filter
Un filtro que conserva cierto rango de frecuencias, y atenúa (silencia) todos los demás. A menudo se hace esto combinando un filtro high-pass y otro filtro low-pass.
Ver también Filtro, Filtro 'High-Pass', Filtro Low-Pass.
- Saturación (Clipping)
Un fenómeno que afecta a una señal cuando es demasiado grande para lo que sea que lo recibe. Los picos de la señal (que normalmente son curvas redondeadas) se cortan al máximo volumen (clipeados). Esto distorsiona el sonido y normalmente no es deseable.
Un ejemplo de saturación es cuando reproduces música a un volumen mayor de lo que puede soportar el altavoz. Algunas partes de la música suenan desgarradas y borrosas.
- Component
A component is a part of Hydrogen's instrument model. Instrument consist of one or more components, and each component consists of one or more layers.
To make an example: A snare could have two components. One component includes sounds from the top side of the snare drum, and the other component includes the sounds from the bottom side of the snare drum (where the snare wires are fitted). Each component can consist of several layers (snare drum hits with different velocities). Now you can adjust the volume of the two components to build your ideal drum sound. If you want more of the attack, you can put in more of the "top head" component. If you want more of the snare wires, you put in more of the bottom component.
Nota Components will be created for all instruments. So, even if you just want to have two of them in the snare you will automatically have two components in all other instruments. If you thus remove an empty component in one instrument, you will remove it for all other instruments - even if they are non-empty - too.
In addition, all layers belonging to the same component do share a common volume fader in the Component Channel Strips in the Mixer.
- Frecuencia de Corte (Cutoff Frequency)
En los filtros high-pass y low-pass, esta es la frecuencia que divide entre entre aquellas que pasan, y aquellas que se atenúan (silenciadas). En un filtro de 'high-pass resonance', o uno de 'low-pass resonance', el corte es también la zona de frecuencias que se amplifican.
Por ejemplo, si tienes un filtro low-pass y configuras una frecuencia de corte alta (por ej. 20kHz)... el filtro no afectará al sonido. Todas las frecuencias audibles pasarán sin modificarse. Al bajar la frecuencia de corte a algo como 40 Hz (la cuerda gruesa de un bajo), suena como si alguien tapara el altavoz con una manta. Las frecuencias altas se están atenuando por encima de los 30 Hz.
Ver también Filtro, Filtro 'High-Pass', Filtro Low-Pass, Filtro de Resonancia.
- Decay
After the attack phase, this is the amount of time for the volume of a note to decrease from full velocity to the sustain level.
Ver también ADSR.
- DC-offset
DC offset, or DC coefficient is the mean value of the waveform.
DC offset is usually undesirable. For example, in audio processing, a sound that has DC offset will not be at its loudest possible volume when normalized (because the offset consumes headroom), and this problem can possibly extend to the mix as a whole, since a sound with DC offset and a sound without DC offset will have DC offset when mixed. It may also cause other artifacts depending on what is being done with the signal.
- Generador de la Envolvente (Envelope Generator)
Una manera de controlar (cambiar) un parámetro a lo largo del tiempo como respuesta al disparo, sostenimiento y liberación de una nota.
¿Se te acaba de nublar la vista? Intentémoslo de nuevo:
Imagina que estás tocando una nota en el teclado y tienes la otra mano en un mando (volumen, filtro de corte, etc.). Según tocas la nota, giras e mando (hacia arriba, luego abajo... o viceversa). Haces lo mismo con cada nota. Esto es lo que hace el 'envelope generator'. Consulta también ADSR
- Fader
Un control deslizante utilizado para ajustar la atenuación (volumen) en un mezclador. Los faders siempre tienen un potenciómetro de "audio", lo que significa que los cambios de atenuación tienen lugar en una escala exponencial.
- Filtro
Un dispositivo que cambia un sonido atenuando frecuencias específicas. Un control de tono es un ejemplo de un filtro simple de 'low pass'.
Ver también Band-Pass Filter, Filtro 'High-Pass', Filtro Low-Pass, Filtro de Resonancia.
- Gain
En un amplificador, determina cuánto se amplifica una señal (volumen). A mayor valor de ganancia, más volumen.
- Filtro 'High-Pass'
Un filtro que atenúa (silencia) frecuencias bajas, pero que permite el paso de frecuencias altas.
Ver también Filtro, Frecuencia de Corte (Cutoff Frequency).
- Instrumento
En Hydrogen, un instrumento es un único generador de ruido (como puede ser un bombo o un tom).
- Capa
En un instrumento, puedes cargar varios samples diferentes capa), y hacer que suene un sample diferente dependiendo de la intensidad de la nota. Sólo sonará un sample a la vez.
Supón que tienes un sample de un golpe suave de timbal base. Si simplemente reproduces el sample más alto - no sonará igual que un golpe fuerte en un tom de verdad. Si quieres imitar esto en tu instrumento, puedes cargar un sample par los golpes suaves, y otro sample para los fuertes.
Ver también Instrumento.
- Filtro Low-Pass
Un filtro que atenúa (silencia) frecuencias altas, pero que permite el paso de frecuencias bajas.
Ver también Filtro, Frecuencia de Corte (Cutoff Frequency).
- Silencio (Mute)
Para no hacer sonido. Una función del instrumento que evita cualquier salida de audio.
- Grupo de Silencio (Mute Group)
A group of instruments (samples) out of which only a single one can be unmuted. If another instrument from the same group is triggered, the former one will be muted (stop playing) immediately.
Esto se utiliza normalmente para los hi-hats, donde hay un instrumento (sample) diferente para cuando está abierto y cerrado. Con un hi-hat real, el sonido abierto parará en cuanto lo cierres. Sin embargo, si utilizas dos samples - el sonido de abierto continuará aún después de disparar el sonido de cerrado. Al colocar ambos instrumentos en el mismo grupo (grupo #1, por ejemplo)... al disparar el sonido de cerrado el de abierto se parará automáticamente (y vice versa).
- Normalization
Normalization is the process of applying a uniform gain to an audio signal in order to make its largest amplitude peak match a predefined value (usually 0dBFS).
- Octava
Un rango de frecuencias donde la más alta es exáctamente el doble de la más baja.
Por ejemplo, el rango de 20 Hz a 40 Hz es una octava. Como lo es de 120 Hz a 240 Hz, y de 575 Hz a 1150 Hz. Mientras que las diferencias de frecuencia son muy variadas (20 Hz, 120 Hz, y 575 Hz, respectivamente), para el oído humano suenan como si les separara la misma distancia.
- Pan
Panning allows you to change the position of both a mono and stereo sample within the stereo sound field of the resulting audio output. In other words, it controls whether the sound of e.g. the snare is coming from the left or right speaker or somewhere in between. With careful pan adjustments of the different instruments you can make you drumkit sound more natural and simulate the feeling of listening to a real kit in close distance.
The effect of note Pan depends on the instrument Pan knob, which is set in the Mixer. Look to next figure to see how the Resultant Pan is determined (from version 1.1):
This multi-pan model resembles a "matryoshka" in some way: the note Pan value moves the Resultant Pan in a smaller pan range centered at instrument Pan, whose extension depends on instrument Pan value. Some examples: if instrument Pan is central, note Pan moves the signal in the whole stereo range (really from Left to Right); if instrument Pan is sided, note Pan moves the signal in a progressively smaller stereo range centered at instrument Pan; if instrument Pan is HARD-sided, note Pan doesn't have any effect.The way the Resultant Pan will be translated into the volume of each stereo channel is determined by the Pan Law in the Mixer settings.
- Release
Tras soltar/liberar la nota, esto es la cantidad de tiempo necesario para reducir el parámetro del nivel de sustain a 0.
Ver también ADSR.
- Resonancia
Al referirnos al filtro de resonancia, esto es el parámetro que determina cuánta ganancia se da a las frecuencias en el corte.
Ver también Filtro de Resonancia.
- Filtro de Resonancia
Un filtro que amplifica un estrecho rango de frecuencias. Típicamente formará parte de un filtro high-pass o low-pass, donde las frecuencias amplificadas se centran en la frecuencia de corte.
Ver también Filtro, Frecuencia de Corte (Cutoff Frequency), Filtro Low-Pass, Filtro 'High-Pass', Resonancia.
- Roll-off
Esta es la cantidad de atenuación (supresión) aplicada a las frecuencias según cambia la frecuencia (normalmente medido en dB/octava).
Por ejemplo, en un filtro low-pass las frecuencias or debajo de la frecuencia de corte no se atenúan (pasan con el mismo volumen). Lo mismo que con la frecuencia de corte. Al superar la frecuencia de corte, las frecuencias que se encuentran cerca de la frecuencia de corte no se atenúan mucho. Sin embargo, las frecuencias que superan mucho el de corte se atenúan (silencian) mucho. Esto normalmente se aproxima mediante una línea recta (en una escala logarítmica) y se mide en dB de atenuación por cada octava de frecuencia.
Ver también Atenuación, Filtro.
- Sample
A short recording of a sound, typically between .1 and 3.0 seconds long. Each time a note is triggered within Hydrogen the corresponding sample will be played back (after applying all customization and effects).
- Sustain
El nivel (el volumen) en el que la nota se sostiene entre el sustain y el release. Es un porcentaje de la intensidad. No depende del tiempo.
Ver también ADSR.
- Velocity
La fuerza con la que golpeas una nota.
Los dispositivos MIDI deben enviar esta información junto con la nota. Los sintetizadores utilizan esta información para ajustar varios parámetros en el sample (normalmente el volumen). En Hydrogen, sólo se utiliza para determinar el volumen al que se reproduce el sample.
