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SimpleH2O.hpp
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27 #ifndef OPM_SIMPLE_H2O_HPP
28 #define OPM_SIMPLE_H2O_HPP
29 
30 #include "Component.hpp"
31 
34 
36 
37 #include <cmath>
38 
39 namespace Opm {
40 
55 template <class Scalar>
56 class SimpleH2O : public Component<Scalar, SimpleH2O<Scalar> >
57 {
58  typedef ::Opm::IdealGas<Scalar> IdealGas;
59 
60  static const Scalar R; // specific gas constant of water
61 
62 public:
66  static const char* name()
67  { return "H2O"; }
68 
72  static bool gasIsCompressible()
73  { return true; }
74 
78  static bool liquidIsCompressible()
79  { return false; }
80 
84  static bool gasIsIdeal()
85  { return true; }
86 
90  static Scalar molarMass()
91  { return 18e-3; }
92 
96  static Scalar criticalTemperature()
97  { return 647.096; /* [K] */ }
98 
102  static Scalar criticalPressure()
103  { return 22.064e6; /* [N/m^2] */ }
104 
108  static Scalar tripleTemperature()
109  { return 273.16; /* [K] */ }
110 
114  static Scalar triplePressure()
115  { return 611.657; /* [N/m^2] */ }
116 
129  template <class Evaluation>
130  static Evaluation vaporPressure(const Evaluation& T)
131  {
132  if (T > criticalTemperature())
133  return criticalPressure();
134  if (T < tripleTemperature())
135  return 0; // water is solid: We don't take sublimation into account
136 
137  static const Scalar n[10] = {
138  0.11670521452767e4, -0.72421316703206e6, -0.17073846940092e2,
139  0.12020824702470e5, -0.32325550322333e7, 0.14915108613530e2,
140  -0.48232657361591e4, 0.40511340542057e6, -0.23855557567849,
141  0.65017534844798e3
142  };
143 
144  Evaluation sigma = T + n[8]/(T - n[9]);
145 
146  Evaluation A = (sigma + n[0])*sigma + n[1];
147  Evaluation B = (n[2]*sigma + n[3])*sigma + n[4];
148  Evaluation C = (n[5]*sigma + n[6])*sigma + n[7];
149 
150  Evaluation tmp = 2.0*C/(sqrt(B*B - 4.0*A*C) - B);
151  tmp *= tmp;
152  tmp *= tmp;
153 
154  return 1e6*tmp;
155  }
156 
163  template <class Evaluation>
164  static Evaluation gasEnthalpy(const Evaluation& temperature,
165  const Evaluation& /*pressure*/)
166  { return 1.976e3*temperature + 40.65e3/molarMass(); }
167 
168 
172  template <class Evaluation>
173  static Evaluation gasHeatCapacity(const Evaluation&,
174  const Evaluation&)
175  { return 1.976e3; }
176 
183  template <class Evaluation>
184  static Evaluation liquidEnthalpy(const Evaluation& temperature,
185  const Evaluation& /*pressure*/)
186  { return 4180*temperature; }
187 
191  template <class Evaluation>
192  static Evaluation liquidHeatCapacity(const Evaluation&,
193  const Evaluation&)
194  { return 4.184e3; }
195 
209  template <class Evaluation>
210  static Evaluation gasInternalEnergy(const Evaluation& temperature,
211  const Evaluation& pressure)
212  {
213  return
214  gasEnthalpy(temperature, pressure) -
215  1/molarMass()* // conversion from [J/(mol K)] to [J/(kg K)]
216  IdealGas::R*temperature; // = pressure *spec. volume for an ideal gas
217  }
218 
225  template <class Evaluation>
226  static Evaluation liquidInternalEnergy(const Evaluation& temperature,
227  const Evaluation& pressure)
228  {
229  return
230  liquidEnthalpy(temperature, pressure) -
231  pressure/liquidDensity(temperature, pressure);
232  }
233 
240  template <class Evaluation>
241  static Evaluation liquidThermalConductivity(const Evaluation& /*temperature*/,
242  const Evaluation& /*pressure*/)
243  {
244  return 0.578078; // conductivity of liquid water [W / (m K ) ] IAPWS evaluated at p=.1 MPa, T=8°C
245  }
246 
253  template <class Evaluation>
254  static Evaluation gasThermalConductivity(const Evaluation& /*temperature*/,
255  const Evaluation& /*pressure*/)
256  {
257  return 0.028224; // conductivity of steam [W / (m K ) ] IAPWS evaluated at p=.1 MPa, T=8°C
258  }
259 
266  template <class Evaluation>
267  static Evaluation gasDensity(const Evaluation& temperature, const Evaluation& pressure)
268  {
269  // Assume an ideal gas
270  return molarMass()*IdealGas::molarDensity(temperature, pressure);
271  }
272 
279  template <class Evaluation>
280  static Evaluation gasPressure(const Evaluation& temperature, const Evaluation& density)
281  {
282  // Assume an ideal gas
283  return IdealGas::pressure(temperature, density/molarMass());
284  }
285 
292  template <class Evaluation>
293  static Evaluation liquidDensity(const Evaluation& /*temperature*/, const Evaluation& /*pressure*/)
294  {
295  return 1000;
296  }
297 
304  template <class Evaluation>
305  static Evaluation liquidPressure(const Evaluation& /*temperature*/, const Evaluation& /*density*/)
306  {
307  throw std::logic_error("The liquid pressure is undefined for incompressible fluids");
308  }
309 
317  template <class Evaluation>
318  static Evaluation gasViscosity(const Evaluation& /*temperature*/,
319  const Evaluation& /*pressure*/)
320  {
321  return 1e-05;
322  }
323 
330  template <class Evaluation>
331  static Evaluation liquidViscosity(const Evaluation& /*temperature*/, const Evaluation& /*pressure*/)
332  {
333  return 1e-03;
334  }
335 };
336 
337 template <class Scalar>
338 const Scalar SimpleH2O<Scalar>::R = Constants<Scalar>::R / 18e-3;
339 
340 } // namespace Opm
341 
342 #endif
Abstract base class of a pure chemical species.
Relations valid for an ideal gas.
A traits class which provides basic mathematical functions for arbitrary scalar floating point values...
Provides the OPM_UNUSED macro.
Abstract base class of a pure chemical species.
Definition: Component.hpp:42
static const Scalar R
The ideal gas constant [J/(mol K)].
Definition: Constants.hpp:45
Relations valid for an ideal gas.
Definition: IdealGas.hpp:38
static const Scalar R
The ideal gas constant .
Definition: IdealGas.hpp:41
static Evaluation pressure(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &rhoMolar)
The pressure of the gas in , depending on the molar density and temperature.
Definition: IdealGas.hpp:58
static Evaluation molarDensity(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure)
The molar density of the gas , depending on pressure and temperature.
Definition: IdealGas.hpp:67
A simple version of pure water.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:57
static Evaluation gasInternalEnergy(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure)
Specific internal energy of steam .
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:210
static Evaluation gasHeatCapacity(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
Specific isobaric heat capacity of the component [J/kg] as a gas.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:173
static bool liquidIsCompressible()
Returns true iff the liquid phase is assumed to be compressible.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:78
static bool gasIsIdeal()
Returns true iff the gas phase is assumed to be ideal.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:84
static Evaluation gasThermalConductivity(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
Specific heat conductivity of steam .
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:254
static Scalar tripleTemperature()
Returns the temperature at water's triple point.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:108
static Evaluation liquidPressure(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
The pressure of water in at a given density and temperature.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:305
static Evaluation liquidHeatCapacity(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
Specific isobaric heat capacity of the component [J/kg] as a liquid.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:192
static Evaluation vaporPressure(const Evaluation &T)
The vapor pressure in of pure water at a given temperature.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:130
static Evaluation liquidDensity(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
The density of pure water at a given pressure and temperature .
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:293
static Scalar molarMass()
The molar mass in of water.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:90
static Scalar criticalTemperature()
Returns the critical temperature of water.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:96
static Evaluation liquidEnthalpy(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &)
Specific enthalpy of liquid water .
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:184
static Evaluation gasViscosity(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
The dynamic viscosity of steam.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:318
static bool gasIsCompressible()
Returns true iff the gas phase is assumed to be compressible.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:72
static Evaluation gasEnthalpy(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &)
Specific enthalpy of water steam .
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:164
static Evaluation gasPressure(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &density)
The pressure of steam in at a given density and temperature.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:280
static Evaluation liquidInternalEnergy(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure)
Specific internal energy of liquid water .
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:226
static Evaluation liquidThermalConductivity(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
Specific heat conductivity of liquid water .
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:241
static Evaluation gasDensity(const Evaluation &temperature, const Evaluation &pressure)
The density of steam at a given pressure and temperature.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:267
static Scalar criticalPressure()
Returns the critical pressure of water.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:102
static Scalar triplePressure()
Returns the pressure at water's triple point.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:114
static const char * name()
A human readable name for the water.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:66
static Evaluation liquidViscosity(const Evaluation &, const Evaluation &)
The dynamic viscosity of pure water.
Definition: SimpleH2O.hpp:331